Romans 11:27

The first proposition of this verse belongs also to the first of the two passages quoted; but, singular to say, it is almost identical with the clause with which Isaiah begins the second saying used here (Isaiah 27:9): “And this is the blessing which I shall put on them when”...This is no doubt what has given rise to the combination of these two passages in our quotation. The meaning is: “Once the sin of Israel (their unbelief in the Messiah) has been pardoned, I shall renew with them my broken covenant.” The pronoun αὐτῶν, their, refers to the individuals, as the word Jacob denoted the totality of the people.

In the two following verses the apostle draws from what precedes the conclusion relative to Israel. In Romans 11:28 he expresses it in a striking antithesis, and in Romans 11:29 he justifies the final result (28b) by a general principle of the divine government.