It was immediately after the battle of Carchemish (605 b.c.) between
Egypt and Babylon, and probably before Nebuchadnezzar and his
victorious army appeared in Palestine, that Jeremiah delivered this
prophecy Jeremiah 25, orally perhaps at first to the people, but soon
afterward committed to writing;... [ Continue Reading ]
THE FOURTH YEAR - See Daniel 1:1 note. This invasion of Judaea, in
which Daniel was carried captive to Babylon, was according to the date
of the years the fourth, but according to the actual time the third,
year of the Jewish king. Nebuchadnezzar was not yet fully king, but
associated with his fathe... [ Continue Reading ]
THE THREE AND TWENTIETH YEAR - i. e., nineteen under Josiah, and four
under Jehoiakim. This prophecy divides itself into three parts,
(1) the judgment of Judah Jeremiah 25:3, and Babylon’s doom Jeremiah
25:12;
(2) the wine-cup of fury Jeremiah 25:15;
(3) the judgment of the world Jeremiah 25:30.... [ Continue Reading ]
TURN YE - i. e., Repent ye; the great summons of God to mankind at all
times (Luke 24:47; Acts 2:38; compare Matthew 3:2).... [ Continue Reading ]
The term families is probably used here to signify the widespread
empire of Nebuchadnezzar.
MY SERVANT - This title, so remarkable in the Old Testament as the
especial epithet, first of Moses, and then of the Messiah, is thrice
given to Nebuchadnezzar, and marks the greatness of the commission
entr... [ Continue Reading ]
TAKE FROM THEM ... THE SOUND OF THE MILLSTONES, AND THE LIGHT OF THE
CANDLE - (or, lamp). To denote the entire cessation of domestic life.
The one was the sign of the preparation of the daily meal, the other
of the assembling of the family after the labors of the day were over.... [ Continue Reading ]
SEVENTY YEARS - The duration of the Babylonian empire was really a
little short of this period. But the 70 years are usually calculated
down to the time when the Jews were permitted to return to their
country (compare Jeremiah 29:10).... [ Continue Reading ]
PERPETUAL DESOLATIONS - The ruins of Babylon form its only lasting
memorial.... [ Continue Reading ]
The Septuagint places a full stop after “book,” and take the rest
as a title “what Jeremiah prophesied against the nations,” which
series there immediately follows. In the Masoretic Text, this series
is deferred to the end Jer. 46–49, and with Jer. 50–51, forms one
entire series. Other reasons make... [ Continue Reading ]
SHALL SERVE THEMSELVES OF THEM ALSO - i. e., shall impose forced labor
upon the Chaldaeans, and reduce them also to servitude.... [ Continue Reading ]
SAITH - Or, hath said. This prophecy - placed by the Septuagint after
those against the nations - forms an impressive statement of the
manner in which the new kingdom of Babylon was to execute Yahweh’s
wrath upon the nations far and near.... [ Continue Reading ]
BE MOVED - Rather, stagger.... [ Continue Reading ]
THEN TOOK I THE CUP - Not actually offering the wine-cup - Holy
Scripture has suffered much from this materialistic way of explaining
it: but publicly proclaiming this prophecy in Jerusalem, as the
central spot of God’s dealings with men, and leaving it to find its
way to the neighboring states.... [ Continue Reading ]
AS IT IS THIS DAY - Words omitted by the Septuagint, and probably
added by Jeremiah after the murder of Gedaliah had completed the ruin
of the land.... [ Continue Reading ]
The arrangement is remarkable. Jeremiah begins with the south, Egypt;
next Uz on the southeast, and Philistia on the southwest; next, Edom,
Moab, and Ammon on the east, and Tyre, and Sidon, and the isles of the
Mediterranean on the west; next, in the Far East, various Arabian
nations, then northward... [ Continue Reading ]
THE MINGLED PEOPLE - Either auxiliaries; or, rather, a constituent
portion of the people of Egypt, who were not of pure blood.
AZZAH - i. e., Gaza.
THE REMNANT OF ASHDOD - A sentence which none but a contemporary
writer could have used. Psammetichus, after a siege of 29 years, had
captured and des... [ Continue Reading ]
THE ISLES - Rightly explained in the margin; it probably refers here
to Cyprus.... [ Continue Reading ]
DEDAN - See the Isaiah 21:13 note.
BUZ - See Job 32:2 note.
ALL THAT ARE ... - See the marginal reference note.... [ Continue Reading ]
ARABIA - That part which bordered on Palestine, and was inhabited
mainly by Ishmaelites.
THE MINGLED PEOPLE - Compare the Jeremiah 25:20 note. In Arabia there
seem to have been many tribes of Cushite origin, who by intermarriage
with other tribes had become of mixed blood.... [ Continue Reading ]
ZIMRI - Probably a district between Arabia and Persia. “Elam” is
put in Scripture for the whole of Persia.... [ Continue Reading ]
ALL THE KINGDOMS OF THE WORLD ... - In accordance with the usage of
Holy Scripture this universality is limited. It is moral and not
geographical.
SHESHACH - Jerome says that this is the name Babel written in cypher,
the letters being transposed. Another example occurs in Jeremiah 51:1,
where the w... [ Continue Reading ]
The metaphors denote the helplessness to which the nations are reduced
by drinking the wine-cup of fury Jeremiah 25:15.... [ Continue Reading ]
Yahweh has risen like a lion from His covert, and at His roaring the
whole world is filled with terror and confusion.
UPON HIS HABITATION - Against His pasture; i. e., Judaea. Yahweh comes
forth as the lion to destroy the sheep which lie terrified within the
circle of the tents.
A SHOUT - The vint... [ Continue Reading ]
A NOISE - The trampling of an army in motion. Compare Amos 2:2.
A CONTROVERSY - i. e., a suit at law.
WILL PLEAD - Or, will hold judgment. As judge He delivers the wicked
to the sword.... [ Continue Reading ]
A GREAT WHIRLWIND - Or, storm.
THE COASTS OF THE EARTH - See Jeremiah 6:22 note. The thunderstorm
seen first on the edge of the horizon overspreads the heaven, and
travels from nation to nation in its destructive course.... [ Continue Reading ]
LAMENTED - See the marginal reference and Jeremiah 8:2.... [ Continue Reading ]
PRINCIPAL OF THE FLOCK - i. e., noble ones.
WALLOW YOURSELVES IN THE ASHES - Rather, roll yourselves on the
ground.
FOR ... - Read; “for your days for being slaughtered are
accomplished, and I will scatter you” (or, (dash you in pieces).
FALL LIKE A PLEASANT VESSEL - The comparison suggests the i... [ Continue Reading ]
THE PEACEABLE HABITATIONS - The pastures of peace, the peaceable
fields where the flocks lately dwelt in security. See Jeremiah 25:30
note.... [ Continue Reading ]
Yahweh has risen up, like a lion that leaves its covert, eager for
prey, that He may execute judgment upon the wicked.... [ Continue Reading ]