UNDER THE YOKE (υπο ζυγον). As slaves (δουλο, bondsmen). Perhaps under heathen masters (1 Peter 2:18). For the slave problem, see also 1 Timothy 6:1; Colossians 3:22; Ephesians 6:5; Titus 2:9. See Matthew 11:29 for Christ's "yoke" (ζυγον, from ζευγνυμ, to join).THEIR OWN MASTERS (τους ιδιους δεσ... [ Continue Reading ]
LET NOT DESPISE THEM (μη καταφρονειτωσαν). Negative imperative active third plural of καταφρονεω, to think down on. See 1 Timothy 4:12. He must not presume on the equality of Christian brotherhood not allowed by the state's laws. Some of these Christian slaves might be pastors of churches to whic... [ Continue Reading ]
TEACHETH A DIFFERENT DOCTRINE (ετεροδιδασκαλε). See 1 Timothy 1:3 for this verb, present active indicative here in condition of first class.CONSENTETH NOT (μη προσερχετα). Also condition of first class with μη instead of ου. Προσερχομα (old verb, to come to, to approach, with dative) is common... [ Continue Reading ]
HE IS PUFFED UP (τετυφωτα). Perfect passive indicative of τυφοω, for which see 1 Timothy 3:6.KNOWING NOTHING (μηδεν επισταμενος). Present middle participle of επισταμα. Ignorance is a frequent companion of conceit.DOTING (νοσων). Present active participle of νοσεω, to be sick, to be morbid ov... [ Continue Reading ]
WRANGLINGS (διαπαρατριβα). Late and rare (Clem. of Alex.) double compound (δια, mutual or thorough, παρατριβα, irritations or rubbings alongside). "Mutual irritations" (Field).CORRUPTED IN MIND (διεφθαρμενων τον νουν). Perfect passive participle of διαφθειρω, to corrupt, genitive case agreeing... [ Continue Reading ]
WITH CONTENTMENT (μετα αυταρκειας). Old word from αυταρκης (αυτοσ, αρκεω) as in Philippians 4:11. In N.T. only here and 2 Corinthians 9:8. This attitude of mind is Paul's conception of "great gain.... [ Continue Reading ]
BROUGHT INTO (εισηνεγκαμεν, second aorist active stem with first aorist ending, common in the _Koine_),CARRY OUT (εξενεγκειν, second aorist active infinitive). Note play on the prepositions εισ- and εξ-.... [ Continue Reading ]
FOOD (διατροφας). Plural, supports or nourishments (from διατρεφω, to support). Old word, here only in N.T.COVERING (σκεπασματα). Plural, "coverings." Late word from σκεπαζω, to cover. Here only in N.T.WE SHALL BE CONTENT (αρκεσθησομεθα). First future passive of αρκεω, to be content. Old word... [ Continue Reading ]
DESIRE TO BE RICH (βουλομενο πλουτειν). The will (βουλομα) to be rich at any cost and in haste (Proverbs 28:20). Some MSS. have "trust in riches" in Mark 10:24. Possibly Paul still has teachers and preachers in mind.FALL INTO (εμπιπτουσιν εις). See on 1 Timothy 3:6 for εν -- εις and 1 Timothy 3... [ Continue Reading ]
THE LOVE OF MONEY (η φιλαργυρια). Vulgate, _avaritia_. Common word (from φιλαργυρος, 2 Timothy 3:12, and that from φιλοσ, αργυρος), only here in N.T. Refers to verse 1 Timothy 6:9 (βουλομενο πλουτειν).A ROOT OF ALL KINDS OF EVIL (ριζα παντων των κακων). A root (ριζα). Old word, common in literal... [ Continue Reading ]
O MAN OF GOD (ω ανθρωπε θεου). In N.T. only here and 2 Timothy 3:17, there general and here personal appeal to Timothy. Cf. Deuteronomy 33:1; 1 Samuel 2:27.FLEE (φευγε),FOLLOW AFTER (διωκε). Vivid verbs in present active imperative. The preacher can not afford to parley with such temptations.... [ Continue Reading ]
FIGHT THE GOOD FIGHT (αγωνιζου τον καλον αγωνα). Cognate accusative with present middle imperative of αγωνιζω, Pauline word (1 Corinthians 9:25; Colossians 1:29).LAY HOLD ON (επιλαβου). Second (ingressive) aorist middle imperative of επιλαμβανω, "get a grip on." See same verb with genitive also... [ Continue Reading ]
WHO QUICKENETH ALL THINGS (του ζωογονουντος τα παντα). Present active participle of ζωογονεω (ζωογονος, from ζωοσ, γενω), late word to give life, to bring forth alive, in N.T. only here and Acts 7:19. See 1 Samuel 2:6.BEFORE PONTIUS PILATE (επ Ποντιου Πειλατου). Not "in the time of," but "in th... [ Continue Reading ]
THAT THOU KEEP (τηρησα σε). First aorist active infinitive of τηρεω, with accusative of general reference (σε) in indirect command after παραγγελλω.WITHOUT SPOT (ασπιλον). Late adjective (α privative, σπιλος, spot, Ephesians 5:27). In inscription and papyri.WITHOUT REPROACH (ανεπιλημπτον). Se... [ Continue Reading ]
IN ITS OWN TIMES (καιροις ιδιοις). Locative case. May be "in his own times." See 1 Timothy 2:6. Clearly not for us to figure out.WHO IS THE BLESSED AND ONLY POTENTATE (ο μακαριος κα μονος δυναστης). "The happy and alone Potentate." Δυναστης, old word, in N.T. only here, Luke 1:52; Acts 8:27 (th... [ Continue Reading ]
WHO ONLY HATH IMMORTALITY (ο μονος εχων αθανασιαν). "The one who alone has immortality." Αθανασια (αθανατος, α privative and θανατος), old word, in N.T. only here and 1 Corinthians 15:53. Domitian demanded that he be addressed as "_Dominus et Deus noster_." Emperor worship may be behind the use o... [ Continue Reading ]
IN THIS PRESENT WORLD (εν τω νυν αιων). "In the now age," in contrast with the future.THAT THEY BE NOT HIGH-MINDED (μη υψηλοφρονειν). Present active infinitive with negative in indirect command after παραγγελλε, "not to be high-minded." Only instance of the word save some MSS. of Romans 11:20 ... [ Continue Reading ]
THAT THEY DO GOOD (αγαθοεργειν). Late word (αγαθος, εργω), in N.T. only here and Acts 14:17.RICH IN GOOD WORKS (πλουτειν εν εργοις καλοις). See Luke 12:21 "rich toward God" and Matthew 6:19 for "treasures in heaven."READY TO DISTRIBUTE (ευμεταδοτους). Late and rare verbal (ευ, μετα, διδωμ). F... [ Continue Reading ]
LAYING UP IN STORE (αποθησαυριζοντας). Late literary word (απο and θησαυριζω), only here in N.T. Same paradox as in Matthew 6:19, "laying up in store" by giving it away.WHICH IS LIFE INDEED (της οντως ζωης). See 1 Timothy 5:3 for οντως. This life is merely the shadow of the eternal reality to c... [ Continue Reading ]
GUARD THAT WHICH IS COMMITTED UNTO THEE (την παραθηκην φυλαξον). "Keep (aorist of urgency) the deposit." Παραθηκην (from παρατιθημ, to place beside as a deposit, 2 Timothy 2:2), a banking figure, common in the papyri in this sense for the Attic παρακαταθηκη (Textus Receptus here, 2 Timothy 1:12;... [ Continue Reading ]
HAVE ERRED (ηστοχησαν). First aorist active indicative of αστοχεω. See 1 Timothy 1:6 for this word.... [ Continue Reading ]