BE STRENGTHENED (ενδυναμου). Present passive imperative of ενδυναμοω. See already 1 Timothy 1:12; Romans 4:20; Philippians 4:13; Ephesians 6:10. "Keep on being empowered," "keep in touch with the power."IN THE GRACE THAT IS IN CHRIST JESUS (εν τη χαριτ τη εν Χριστω Ιησου). Where the power is lo... [ Continue Reading ]
FROM ME (παρ' εμου). As in 2 Timothy 1:13. Paul was Timothy's chief teacher of Christ.AMONG MANY WITNESSES (δια πολλων μαρτυρων). Plutarch has δια in this sense and Field (_Ot. Norv._) suggests that it is a legal phrase "supported by many witnesses." Not mere spectators, but testifiers. See Paul... [ Continue Reading ]
SUFFER HARDSHIP WITH ME (συνκακοπαθησον). See 2 Timothy 1:8 for this verb. The old preacher challenges the young one to share hardship with him for Christ.AS A GOOD SOLDIER (ος καλος στρατιωτης). Paul does not hesitate to use this military metaphor (this word only here for a servant of Christ) w... [ Continue Reading ]
NO SOLDIER ON SERVICE (ουδεις στρατευομενος). "No one serving as a soldier." See 1 Corinthians 9:7 for this old verb and 2 Corinthians 10:3; 1 Timothy 1:18 for the metaphorical use.ENTANGLETH HIMSELF (εμπλεκετα). Old compound, to inweave (see Matthew 27:29 for πλεκω), in N.T. only here and 2 Pe... [ Continue Reading ]
IF ALSO A MAN CONTEND IN THE GAMES (εαν δε κα αθλη τις). Condition of third class with present (linear) active subjunctive of αθλεω, old and common verb (from αθλος, a contest), only this verse in N.T., but συναθλεω in Philippians 1:27. Note sharp distinction between αθλη (present subjunctive, en... [ Continue Reading ]
THE HUSBANDMAN THAT LABOURETH (τον κοπιωντα γεωργον). "The toiling tiller of the soil" (γεωργον, from γη and εργω, worker of the earth). See γεωργιον (field) in 1 Corinthians 3:9 and also 1 Corinthians 9:7.FIRST (πρωτον). As is natural and right.TO PARTAKE (μεταλαμβανειν). Old word as in Acts... [ Continue Reading ]
CONSIDER (νοε). Present active imperative of νοεω, old verb, to put your mind (νους) on. See Ephesians 3:4 and like command in 1 Corinthians 10:15.UNDERSTANDING (συνεσιν). "Comprehension" (from συνιημ, to send together, to grasp). See Colossians 1:9; Colossians 2:2. This is a blessed promise th... [ Continue Reading ]
RISEN FROM THE DEAD (εγηγερμενον εκ νεκρων). Perfect passive participle of εγειρω, still risen as the perfect tense shows in 1 Corinthians 15:4; 1 Corinthians 15:12-20. Predicate accusative. "Remember Jesus Christ as risen from the dead." This is the cardinal fact about Christ that proves his cla... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEREIN (εν ω). In my gospel.I SUFFER HARDSHIP (κακοπαθω). "I suffer evil." Old compound (κακον, πασχω), elsewhere in N.T., 2 Timothy 4:5; James 5:13.UNTO BONDS (μεχρ δεσμων). "Up to bonds." A common experience with Paul (2 Corinthians 11:23; Philippians 1:7; Philippians 1:13; Philippians 1:14... [ Continue Reading ]
FOR THE ELECT'S SAKE (δια τους εκλεκτους). "Because of the elect." God's elect (Romans 8:33; Colossians 3:12; Titus 1:1) for whom Paul suffered so much (Colossians 1:6; Colossians 12:15; Philippians 2:17; Ephesians 3:1; Ephesians 3:13).THAT THEY ALSO MAY OBTAIN (ινα... [ Continue Reading ]
FAITHFUL IS THE SAYING (πιστος ο λογος). The saying which follows here though it can refer to the preceding as in 1 Timothy 4:9. See 1 Timothy 1:15. It is possible that from here to the end of 2 Timothy 2:13 we have the fragment of an early hymn. There are four conditions in these verses (2 Timoth... [ Continue Reading ]
THAT THEY STRIVE NOT ABOUT WORDS (μη λογομαχειν). Word apparently coined by Paul from λογομαχια (1 Timothy 6:4 which see), a back formation in that case. A mere war of words displeases Paul. (Titus 3:9).USEFUL (χρησιμον). Late and rare word from χραομα, here only in N.T.TO THE SUBVERTING (επ... [ Continue Reading ]
GIVE DILIGENCE (σπουδασον). First aorist active imperative of σπουδαζω, old word, as in 1 Thessalonians 2:17; Galatians 2:10.TO PRESENT (παραστησα). First aorist active infinitive of παριστημ as in Colossians 1:22; Colossians 1:28.APPROVED UNTO GOD (δοκιμον τω θεω). Dative case θεω with δοκιμο... [ Continue Reading ]
SHUN (περιιστασο). See Titus 3:9.BABBLINGS (κενοφωνιας). See 1 Timothy 6:20.WILL PROCEED (προκοψουσιν). Future active of προκοπτω, "will cut forward." See Galatians 1:14; Romans 13:12.FURTHER IN UNGODLINESS (επ πλειον ασεβειας). "To more of ungodliness." See Romans 1:18; 1 Timothy 2:2.... [ Continue Reading ]
WILL EAT (νομην εξε). "Will have (future active of εχω) pasturage or increase" (νομη, old word from νεμω, to pasture, in N.T. only here and John 10:9).AS DOTH GANGRENE (ως γαγγραινα). Late word (medical writers and Plutarch), only here in N.T. From γραω or γραινω, to gnaw, to eat, an eating, sp... [ Continue Reading ]
MEN WHO (οιτινες). "The very ones who."HAVE ERRED (ηστοχησαν). "Missed the mark." First aorist active indicative of αστοχεω, for which see 1 Timothy 1:6; 1 Timothy 6:21.THAT THE RESURRECTION IS PAST ALREADY (αναστασιν ηδη γεγονενα). Second perfect active infinitive of γινομα in indirect asser... [ Continue Reading ]
HOWBEIT (μεντο). Strong adversative, "however."FIRM (στερεος). Old adjective, solid, compact, in N.T. only here, 1 Peter 5:9; Hebrews 5:12; Hebrews 5:14. See στερεωμα in Colossians 2:5. For θεμελιος see 1 Corinthians 3:11; Romans 15:20; 1 Timothy 6:19. Cf. εδραιωμα in 1... [ Continue Reading ]
IN A GREAT HOUSE (εν μεγαλη οικια). Metaphor of a palace. He doubtless has the Kingdom of God in mind, but he works out the metaphor of a great house of the rich and mighty.VESSELS (σκευη). Old word σκευος. See Romans 9:21 for the same double use as here.OF GOLD (χρυσα). Old contracted adject... [ Continue Reading ]
IF A MAN PURGE HIMSELF (εαν τις εκκαθαρη). Paul drops the metaphor of the house and takes up the individual as one of the "vessels." Condition of third class with first aorist active subjunctive of εκκαθαιρω, old verb, to cleanse out, in LXX, in N.T. only here and 1 Corinthians 5:7.FROM THESE ... [ Continue Reading ]
YOUTHFUL (νεωτερικας). Literary _Koine_ word (Polybius, Josephus), only here in N.T. There are lusts peculiar to flaming youth.FLEE (φευγε). Present active imperative of φευγω, old and common verb. In this sense see 1 Corinthians 6:18.FOLLOW AFTER (διωκε). Present active imperative of διωκω a... [ Continue Reading ]
IGNORANT (απαιδευτους). Old verbal, here only in N.T. (α privative and παιδευω). Untrained, uneducated, "speculations of a half-educated mind" (Parry).REFUSE (παραιτου). See 1 Timothy 4:7.THEY GENDER STRIFES (γεννωσιν μαχας). Present active indicative of old and common verb γενναω (Romans 9:1... [ Continue Reading ]
MUST NOT STRIVE (ου δε μαχεσθα). Rather, "it is not necessary for him to fight" (in such verbal quibbles). The negative ου goes with δε, not with the infinitive μαχεσθα.GENTLE (ηπιον). Old word (from επος, speech), affable, mild, in N.T. only here (and 1 Thessalonians 2:7 in some MSS.; W. H. ha... [ Continue Reading ]
CORRECTING (παιδευοντα). See Titus 2:12. "Schooling" (Parry).OPPOSE THEMSELVES (αντιδιατιθεμενους). Present middle (direct) participle of αντιδιατιθημ, late double compound (Diodorus, Philo) to place oneself in opposition, here only in N.T.IF PERADVENTURE GOD MAY GIVE (μη ποτε δωιη ο θεος). He... [ Continue Reading ]
THEY MAY RECOVER THEMSELVES (ανανηψωσιν). First aorist active subjunctive of ανανηφω, late and rare word, to be sober again, only here in N.T., though νηφω is in 1 Thessalonians 5:6.OUT OF THE SNARE OF THE DEVIL (εκ της του διαβολου παγιδος). They have been caught while mentally intoxicated in... [ Continue Reading ]