BROTHERLY LOVE (φιλαδελφια). Late word from φιλαδελφος (1 Peter 3:8). See 1 Thessalonians 4:9. It is always in order in a church.TO SHOW LOVE UNTO STRANGERS (της φιλοξενιας). Old word for hospitality, from φιλοξενος (1 Timothy 3:2), in N.T. only here and Romans 12:3. In genitive case with επιλα... [ Continue Reading ]
AS BOUND WITH THEM (ως συνδεδεμενο). Perfect passive participle of συνδεω, old verb, here only in N.T. For sympathy with prisoners see Hebrews 10:34.AS BEING YOURSELVES ALSO IN THE BODY (ως κα αυτο οντες εν σωματ). And so subject to evil treatment. See Hebrews 11:37 for κακουχεω and Hebrews 11:... [ Continue Reading ]
LET MARRIAGE BE (ο γαμος). No verb in the Greek. The copula can be supplied either εστιν (is) or εστω (let be, imperative).HAD IN HONOUR (τιμιος). Old adjective from τιμη (honour) as in Acts 5:34. Γαμος elsewhere in the N.T., means the wedding or wedding feast (Matthew 22:29; John 2:1).UNDEFILE... [ Continue Reading ]
BE YE FREE FROM THE LOVE OF MONEY (αφιλαργυρος ο τροπος). No copula, but supply εστο: "Let your manner of life (τροπος, way, Matthew 23:37), be without love of money" (αφιλαργυρος, double compound), once found only in the N.T., here and 1 Timothy 3:3, but now several times--or the adverb αφιλαργυ... [ Continue Reading ]
SO THAT WE SAY (ωστε ημας λεγειν). The usual construction (the infinitive) with ωστε in the _Koine_ even when the idea is result instead of purpose. The accusative ημας is that of general reference.WITH GOOD COURAGE (θαρρουντας). Present active participle of θαρρεω (Ionic and early Attic θαρσεω... [ Continue Reading ]
REMEMBER (μνημονευετε). Present active imperative of μνημονευω, old verb to be _mindful_ of (from μνημων, mindful) with genitive (John 15:20) or accusative (Matthew 16:9). "Keep in mind." Cf. Hebrews 11:22.THEM THAT HAD THE RULE OVER YOU (των ηγουμενων υμων). Present middle participle of ηγεομα... [ Continue Reading ]
JESUS CHRIST IS THE SAME YESTERDAY AND TODAY, YEA AND FOREVER (Ιησους Χριστος εχθες κα σημερον ο αυτος κα εις τους αιωνας). There is no copula in the Greek. Vincent insists that εστιν be supplied between Ιησους and Χριστος, "Jesus is Christ," but it more naturally comes after Χριστος as the Revise... [ Continue Reading ]
BE NOT CARRIED AWAY (μη παραφερεσθε). Prohibition with μη and present passive imperative of παραφερω, old verb to lead along (Judges 1:12), to carry past (Mark 14:36), to lead astray as here.BY DIVERS AND STRANGE TEACHINGS (διδαχαις ποικιλαις κα ξεναις). For ποικιλος (many coloured) see Hebrews... [ Continue Reading ]
WE HAVE AN ALTAR (εχομεν θυσιαστηριον). We Christians have a spiritual altar (θυσιαστηριον), not a literal one (Hebrews 7:13). This metaphor is carried out.WHEREOF (εξ ου). Our spiritual altar.THE TABERNACLE (τη σκηνη). Dative case with λατρευοντες (serve), σκηνη being used for "the whole cer... [ Continue Reading ]
OF THOSE BEASTS WHOSE BLOOD (ων ζωων το αιμα τουτων). The antecedent (ζωων) of ων is here incorporated and attracted into the case of the relative, "the blood of which beasts" and then τουτων (genitive demonstrative) is added, "of these." Cf. Leviticus 4:12; Leviticus 4:21; Leviticus 16:27 for th... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEREFORE JESUS ALSO (διο κα Ιησους). The parallel is drawn between the O.T. ritual and the better sacrifice of Jesus already discussed (Hebrews 9:13-10). The purpose of Jesus is shown (ινα αγιαση, ινα and the first aorist active subjunctive of αγιαζω, to sanctify), the means employed (δια του ιδ... [ Continue Reading ]
LET US THEREFORE GO FORTH TO HIM (τοινυν εξερχωμεθα προς αυτον). Inferential particle (τοι, νυν), usually post-positive (Luke 20:25; 1 Corinthians 9:26) only N.T. examples. Present middle volitive subjunctive of εξερχομα. "Let us keep on going out there to him." If a separation has to come between... [ Continue Reading ]
AN ABIDING CITY (μενουσαν πολιν). Jerusalem has lost its charm for followers of Christ. Vincent rightly argues that the Epistle must have been written before the destruction of Jerusalem else a reference to that event could hardly have been avoided here. We are now where Abraham was once (Hebrews... [ Continue Reading ]
THROUGH HIM (δι' αυτου). That is Jesus. He is our Priest and Sacrifice, the only efficient and sufficient one.LET US OFFER UP (αναφερωμεν). Present active volitive subjunctive of αναφερω, "let us keep on offering up." Jesus is living and let us go to him.A SACRIFICE OF PRAISE (θυσιαν αινεσεως... [ Continue Reading ]
TO DO GOOD (της ευποιιας). Genitive case. Late compound from ευποιος (ευποιεω), common in Epictetus, but here only in N.T., a doing good.TO COMMUNICATE (κοινωνιας). Genitive case. See 2 Corinthians 9:13 for use for contribution, beneficence. Moffatt notes that the three great definitions of wor... [ Continue Reading ]
OBEY (πειθεσθε). Present middle imperative of πειθω with dative case.SUBMIT (υπεικετε). Present active imperative of υπεικω, old compound to yield under, to give up. Here only in N.T.THEY WATCH (αγρυπνουσιν). Present active indicative of αγρυπνεω old verb (from αγρεω, to search, υπνος, sleep)... [ Continue Reading ]
HONESTLY (καλως). Nobly, honourably. Apparently the writer is conscious that unworthy motives have been attributed to him. Cf. Paul in 1 Thessalonians 2:18; 2 Corinthians 1:11; 2 Corinthians 1:17.... [ Continue Reading ]
THAT I MAY BE RESTORED TO YOU THE SOONER (ινα ταχειον αποκατασταθω υμιν). Purpose clause with ινα and the first aorist passive subjunctive of αποκαθιστημ, an old double compound as in Matthew 12:13. What is meant by ταχειον (John 13:27; John 20:4) we do not know, possibly sickness. See verse Hebr... [ Continue Reading ]
THE GOD OF PEACE (ο θεος της ειρηνης). God is the author and giver of peace, a Pauline phrase (6 times) as in 1 Thessalonians 5:23.WHO BROUGHT AGAIN FROM THE DEAD (ο αναγαγων εκ νεκρων). Second aorist active articular participle of αναγω (cf. Romans 10:7), the only direct mention of the resurre... [ Continue Reading ]
MAKE YOU PERFECT (καταρτισα). First aorist active optative of καταρτιζω, to equip, as in Hebrews 10:5. A wish for the future. See 1 Corinthians 1:10; 2 Corinthians 13:11; 2 Timothy 3:17.WORKING IN US (ποιων εν εμιν). "Doing in us." Some MSS. read "in you."WELL-PLEASING (ευαρεστον). Compound a... [ Continue Reading ]
BEAR WITH (ανεχεσθε). Present middle imperative (some MSS. have ανεχεσθα, infinitive) of ανεχω with the ablative, "hold yourselves back from" as in Colossians 3:13.THE WORD OF EXHORTATION (του λογου της παρακλησεως). His description of the entire Epistle. It certainly is that, a powerful appeal... [ Continue Reading ]
HATH BEEN SET AT LIBERTY (απολελυμενον). Perfect passive participle of απολυω, to set free, in indirect discourse after γινωσκετε. Possibly from prison if he came to Rome at Paul's request (2 Timothy 4:11; 2 Timothy 4:21).SHORTLY (ταχειον). Same comparative as in verse Hebrews 13:19, "sooner" t... [ Continue Reading ]
THEY OF ITALY (ο απο της Ιταλιας). Either those with the author in Italy or those who have come from Italy to the author outside of Italy.... [ Continue Reading ]