APPOINTED (ανεδειξεν). First aorist active indicative of αναδεικνυμ, an old verb, not only common, but in LXX. In the N.T. only here and Acts 1:24. Cf. αναδειξις in Luke 1:80. To show forth, display, proclaim, appoint.SEVENTY OTHERS (ετερους εβδομηκοντα κα). The "also" (κα) and the "others" poin... [ Continue Reading ]
HARVEST (θερισμος). Late word for the older θερος, summer, harvest. The language in this verse is verbatim what we have in Matthew 9:37; Matthew 9:38 to the Twelve. Why not? The need is the same and prayer is the answer in each case. Prayer for preachers is Christ's method for increasing the supp... [ Continue Reading ]
AS LAMBS (ως αρνας). Here again the same language as that in Matthew 10:16 except that there "sheep" (προβατα) appears instead of "lambs." Pathetic picture of the risks of missionaries for Christ. They take their life in their hands.... [ Continue Reading ]
PURSE (βαλλαντιον). Old word for money-bag, sometimes a javelin as if from βαλλω. Only in Luke in the N.T. (Luke 10:4; Luke 12:33; Luke 22:35). See Luke 9:3; Mark 6:7; Matthew 10:9 for the other similar items.SALUTE NO MAN ON THE WAY (μηδενα κατα την οδον ασπασησθε). First aorist (ingressive) mi... [ Continue Reading ]
FIRST SAY (πρωτον λεγετε). Say first. The adverb πρωτον can be construed with "enter" (εισελθητε), but probably with λεγετε is right. The word spoken is the usual oriental salutation.... [ Continue Reading ]
A SON OF PEACE (υιος ειρηνης). A Hebraism, though some examples occur in the vernacular _Koine_ papyri. It means one inclined to peace, describing the head of the household.SHALL REST (επαναπαησετα). Second future passive of επαναπαυω, a late double compound (επι, ανα) of the common verb παυω.I... [ Continue Reading ]
IN THAT SAME HOUSE (εν αυτη τη οικια). Literally, in the house itself, not "in the same house" (εν τη αυτη οικια), a different construction. A free rendering of the common Lukan idiom is, "in that very house."EATING (εσθοντες). An old poetic verb εσθω for εσθιω that survives in late Greek.SUCH... [ Continue Reading ]
SUCH THINGS AS ARE SET BEFORE YOU (τα παρατιθεμενα υμιν). The things placed before you from time to time (present passive participle, repetition). Every preacher needs this lesson of common politeness. These directions may seem perfunctory and even commonplace, but every teacher of young preacher... [ Continue Reading ]
IS COME NIGH UNTO YOU (ηγγικεν εφ' υμας). Perfect active indicative of εγγιζω as in Matthew 3:2 of the Baptist and Mark 1:15 of Jesus. Note εφ' υμας here.... [ Continue Reading ]
INTO THE STREETS THEREOF (εις τας πλατειας αυτης). Out of the inhospitable houses into the broad open streets.... [ Continue Reading ]
EVEN THE DUST (κα τον κονιορτον). Old word from κονις, dust, and ορνυμ, to stir up. We have seen it already in Matthew 10:14; Luke 9:5. Dust is a plague in the east. Shake off even that.CLEAVETH (κολληθεντα). First aorist passive participle of κολλαω, to cling as dust and mud do to shoes. Hence... [ Continue Reading ]
MORE TOLERABLE (ανεκτοτερον). Comparative of the verbal adjective ανεκτος from ανεχομα. An old adjective, but only the comparative in the N.T. and in this phrase (Matthew 10:15; Matthew 11:22; Matthew 11:24; Luke 10:12; Luke 10:14).... [ Continue Reading ]
WOULD HAVE REPENTED (αν μετενοησαν). Conclusion (apodosis) of second-class condition, determined as unfulfilled.LONG AGO (παλα). Implies a considerable ministry in these cities of which we are not told. Chorazin not mentioned save here and Matthew 11:21. Perhaps Καραζε near Tell Hum (Capernaum)... [ Continue Reading ]
SHALT THOU BE EXALTED? (μη υψωθησηι;). Μη expects the answer No. The verb is future passive indicative second singular of υψοω, to lift up, a late verb from υψος, height. It is used by Jesus of the Cross (John 12:32).UNTO HADES (εως Hαιδου). See on Matthew 16:18 for this word which is here in co... [ Continue Reading ]
REJECTETH HIM THAT SENT ME (αθετε τον αποστειλαντα με). These solemn words form a fit close for this discourse to the Seventy. The fate of Chorazin, Bethsaida, Capernaum will befall those who set aside (α privative and θετεω, from τιθημ) the mission and message of these messengers of Christ. See... [ Continue Reading ]
RETURNED WITH JOY (υπεστρεψαν μετα χαρας). They had profited by the directions of Jesus. Joy overflows their faces and their words.EVEN THE DEMONS (κα τα δαιμονια). This was a real test. The Twelve had been expressly endowed with this power when they were sent out (Luke 9:1), but the Seventy we... [ Continue Reading ]
I BEHELD SATAN FALLEN (εθεωρουν τον Σαταναν πεσοντα). Imperfect active (I was beholding) and second aorist (constative) active participle of πιπτω (notFALLEN , πεπτωκοτα, perfect active participle, norFALLING , πιπτοντα, present active participle, butFALL , πεσοντα). As a flash of lightning... [ Continue Reading ]
AND OVER ALL THE POWER OF THE ENEMY (κα επ πασαν την δυναμιν του εχθρου). This is the heart of "the authority" (την εξουσιαν) here given by Jesus which is far beyond their expectations. The victory over demons was one phase of it. The power to tread upon serpents is repeated in Mark 16:18 (the Ap... [ Continue Reading ]
ARE WRITTEN (ενγεγραπτα). Perfect passive indicative, state of completion, stand written, enrolled or engraved, from ενγραφω, common verb. "As citizens possessing the full privileges of the commonwealth" (Plummer).... [ Continue Reading ]
IN THAT SAME HOUR (εν αυτη τη ωρα). Literally, "at the hour itself," almost a demonstrative use of αυτος (Robertson, _Grammar_, p. 686) and in Luke alone in the N.T. (Luke 2:38; Luke 10:21; Luke 12:12; Luke 20:19). Matthew 11:25 uses the demonstrative here, "at that time" (εν εκεινω τω καιρω).REJ... [ Continue Reading ]
KNOWETH WHO THE SON IS (γινωσκε τις εστιν ο υιος). Knows by experience, γινωσκε. Here Matthew 11:27 has επιγινωσκε (fully knows) and simply τον υιον (the Son) instead of the "who" (τις) clause. So also in "who the Father is" (τις εστιν ο πατερ). But the same use and contrast of "the Father," "the... [ Continue Reading ]
TURNING TO THE DISCIPLES (στραφεις προς τους μαθητας). Second aorist passive of στρεφω as in Luke 9:55. The prayer was a soliloquy though uttered in the presence of the Seventy on their return. Now Jesus turned and spoke "privately" or to the disciples (the Twelve, apparently), whether on this sa... [ Continue Reading ]
WHICH YE SEE (α υμεις βλεπετε). The expression of υμεις makes "ye" very emphatic in contrast with the prophets and kings of former days.... [ Continue Reading ]
AND TEMPTED HIM (εκπειραζων αυτον). Present active participle, conative idea, trying to tempt him. There is no "and" in the Greek. He "stood up (ανεστη, ingressive second aorist active) trying to tempt him." Πειραζω is a late form of πειραω and εκπειραζω apparently only in the LXX, and N.T. (quot... [ Continue Reading ]
HOW READEST THOU? (πως αναγινωσκεισ;). As a lawyer it was his business to know the facts in the law and the proper interpretation of the law. See on Luke 7:30 about νομικος (lawyer). The rabbis had a formula, "What readest thou?... [ Continue Reading ]
AND HE ANSWERING (ο δε αποκριθεις). First aorist participle, no longer passive in idea. The lawyer's answer is first from the _Shema_ (Deuteronomy 6:3; Deuteronomy 11:13) which was written on the phylacteries. The second part is from Leviticus 19:18 and shows that the lawyer knew the law. At a lat... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU HAST ANSWERED RIGHT (ορθως απεκριθης). First aorist passive indicative second singular with the adverb ορθως. The answer was correct so far as the words went. In Mark 12:34 Jesus commends the scribe for agreeing to his interpretation of the first and the second commandments. That scribe was... [ Continue Reading ]
DESIRING TO JUSTIFY HIMSELF (θελων δικαιωσα εαυτον). The lawyer saw at once that he had convicted himself of asking a question that he already knew. In his embarrassment he asks another question to show that he did have some point at first:AND WHO IS MY NEIGHBOUR? (κα τις εστιν μου πλησιον;). T... [ Continue Reading ]
MADE ANSWER (υπολαβων). Second aorist active participle of υπολαμβανω (see Luke 7:43), to take up literally, and then in thought and speech, old verb, but in this sense of interrupting in talk only in the N.T.WAS GOING DOWN (κατεβαινεν). Imperfect active describing the journey.FELL AMONG ROBBER... [ Continue Reading ]
BY CHANCE (κατα συγκυριαν). Here only in the N.T., meaning rather, "by way of coincidence." It is a rare word elsewhere and in late writers like Hippocrates. It is from the verb συγκυρεω, though συγκυρησις is more common.WAS GOING DOWN (κατεβαινεν). Imperfect active as in verse Luke 10:30. Passe... [ Continue Reading ]
A CERTAIN SAMARITAN (Σαμαρειτης δε τις). Of all men in the world to do a neighbourly act!AS HE JOURNEYED (οδευων). Making his way.CAME WHERE HE WAS (ηλθεν κατ' αυτον). Literally, "came down upon him." He did not sidestep or dodge him, but had compassion on him.... [ Continue Reading ]
BOUND UP HIS WOUNDS (κατεδησεν τα τραυματα). First aorist active indicative of καταδεω, old verb, but here only in the N.T. The verb means "bound down." We say "bind up." Medical detail that interested Luke. The word for "wounds" (τραυματα) here only in the N.T.POURING ON THEM OIL AND WINE (επι... [ Continue Reading ]
ON THE MORROW (επ την αυριον). Towards the morrow as in Acts 4:5. (Cf. also Acts 3:1). Syriac Sinaitic has it "at dawn of the day." An unusual use of επ.TOOK OUT (εκβαλων). Second aorist active participle of εκβαλλω. It could mean, "fling out," but probably only means "drew out." Common verb.TW... [ Continue Reading ]
PROVED NEIGHBOUR TO HIM THAT FELL (πλησιον γεγονενα του εμπεσοντος). Second perfect infinitive of γινομα and second aorist active participle of εμπιπτω. Objective genitive, became neighbour to the one, etc. Jesus has changed the lawyer's standpoint and has put it up to him to decide which of "the... [ Continue Reading ]
ON HIM (μετ' αυτου). With him, more exactly. The lawyer saw the point and gave the correct answer, but he gulped at the word "Samaritan" and refused to say that.DO THOU (συ ποιε). Emphasis on "thou." Would this Jewish lawyer act the neighbour to a Samaritan? This parable of the Good Samaritan h... [ Continue Reading ]
NOW AS THEY WENT ON THEIR WAY (ην δε τω πορευεσθα αυτους). Luke's favourite temporal clause again as in verse Luke 10:35.RECEIVED HIM INTO HER HOUSE (υπεδεξατο αυτον εις την οικιαν). Aorist middle indicative of υποδεχομα, an old verb to welcome as a guest (in the N.T. only here and Luke 19:6; Ac... [ Continue Reading ]
WHICH ALSO SAT (η κα παρακαθεσθεισα). First aorist passive participle of παρακαθεζομα, an old verb, but only here in the N.T. It means to sit beside (παρα) and προς means right in front of the feet of Jesus. It is not clear what the point is in κα here. It may mean that Martha loved to sit here a... [ Continue Reading ]
WAS CUMBERED (περιεσπατο). Imperfect passive of περισπαω, an old verb with vivid metaphor, to draw around. One has sometimes seen women whose faces are literally drawn round with anxiety, with a permanent twist, distracted in mind and in looks.SHE CAME UP TO HIM (επιστασα). Second aorist active... [ Continue Reading ]
ART ANXIOUS (μεριμναις). An old verb for worry and anxiety from μεριζω (μερις, part) to be divided, distracted. Jesus had warned against this in the Sermon on the Mount (Matthew 6:25; Matthew 6:28; Matthew 6:31; Matthew 6:34. See also Luke 12:11; Luke 12:22; Luke 12:26).AND TROUBLED (κα θορυβαζη... [ Continue Reading ]
THE GOOD PORTION (την αγαθην μεριδα). The best dish on the table, fellowship with Jesus. This is the spiritual application of the metaphor of the dishes on the table. Salvation is not "the good portion" for Martha had that also.FROM HER (αυτης). Ablative case after αφαιρηθησετα (future passive... [ Continue Reading ]