A GREAT VOICE (μεγαλης φωνης). Not an angel as in Revelation 5:2; Revelation 7:2; Revelation 10:3; Revelation 14:7; Revelation 14:9; Revelation 14:15; Revelation 14:18, but of God as Revelation 15:8 shows, since no one could enter the ναος.Pour out... [ Continue Reading ]
WENT AND POURED OUT (απηλθεν κα εξεχεεν). Second aorist active indicative of απερχομα (redundant use like υπαγετε with εκχεετε, "go and pour out," in verse Revelation 16:1) and of εκχεω. Each angel "went off" to perform his task. For εξεχεεν see it repeated in verses Revelation 16:3; Revelation 16... [ Continue Reading ]
INTO THE SEA (εις την θαλασσαν). Like the first Egyptian plague (Exodus 7:12-41) though only the Nile affected then.BLOOD AS OF A DEAD MAN (αιμα ως νεκρου). At the trumpet (Revelation 8:11) the water becomes wormwood. Here ως νεκρου is added to Exodus 7:19, "the picture of a murdered man welter... [ Continue Reading ]
INTO THE RIVERS AND THE FOUNTAINS OF WATERS (εις τους ποταμους κα τας πηγας των υδατων). See Revelation 8:10 for this phrase. Contamination of the fresh-water supply by blood follows that of the sea. Complete again.... [ Continue Reading ]
THE ANGEL OF THE WATERS (του αγγελου τον υδατων). Genitive case object of ηκουσα. See Revelation 7:1 for the four angels in control of the winds and Revelation 14:18 for the angel with power over fire. The rabbis spoke also of an angel with power over the earth and another over the sea.WHICH ART... [ Continue Reading ]
FOR (οτ). Second causal conjunction (οτ) explanatory of the first οτ, like the two cases of οτ in Revelation 15:4.THEY POURED OUT (εξεχεαν). Second aorist active indicative of εκχεω with -αν instead of -ον.BLOOD HAST THOU GIVEN THEM TO DRINK (αιμα αυτοις δεδωκας πειν). Hαιμα (blood) is the emp... [ Continue Reading ]
O LORD GOD, THE ALMIGHTY (Κυριε ο θεος ο παντοκρατωρ). Just as in Revelation 15:3 in the Song of Moses and of the Lamb, vocative with the article ο. "Judgments" (κρισεις) here instead of "ways" (οδο) there, and with the order of the adjectives reversed (αληθινα κα δικαια, true and righteous).... [ Continue Reading ]
UPON THE SUN (επ τον ηλιον). Not εις (into) as in verses Revelation 16:2; Revelation 16:3; Revelation 16:4. The fourth trumpet (Revelation 8:12) affected a third of the sun, moon, and stars with a plague of darkness, but here it is a plague of extreme heat.TO SCORCH WITH FIRE (καυματισα εν πυρ).... [ Continue Reading ]
WERE SCORCHED (εκαυματισθησαν). First aorist passive indicative of same verb.WITH GREAT HEAT (καυμα μεγα). Cognate accusative retained with the passive verb. Old word (from καιω to burn), in N.T. only Revelation 7:16 and here. For blaspheming the name of God see Revelation 13:6; James 2:7; Roma... [ Continue Reading ]
UPON THE THRONE OF THE BEAST (επ τον θρονον του θηριου). That is Rome (Revelation 13:2). The dragon gave the beast his throne (Revelation 2:13).WAS DARKENED (εγενετο εσκοτωμενη). Periphrastic past perfect passive with γινομα and σκοτοω (Revelation 9:2). Like the darkness of the Egyptian plague... [ Continue Reading ]
THEY BLASPHEMED (εβλασφημησαν)AND THEY REPENTED NOT (κα ου μετενοησαν). Precisely as in verse Revelation 16:9, which see. Not just because of the supernatural darkness, but also "because of their pains" (εκ των πονων αυτων, plural here and same use of εκ) and their sores (κα εκ των ελκων αυτων,... [ Continue Reading ]
UPON THE GREAT RIVER, THE RIVER EUPHRATES (επ τον ποταμον τον μεγαν τον Ευφρατην). The sixth trumpet brings up the river Euphrates also (Revelation 9:14), only there επ with the locative, while here επ with the accusative. Note triple use of the article τον here.WAS DRIED UP (εξηρανθη). First a... [ Continue Reading ]
COMING OUT OF (εκ alone, no participle ερχομενα).OF THE DRAGON (του δρακοντος). That is Satan (Revelation 12:3; Revelation 12:9).OF THE BEAST (του θηριου). The first beast (Revelation 13:1; Revelation 13:12) and then just the beast (Revelation 13:14; Revelation 14:9; Revelation 14:11;... [ Continue Reading ]
SPIRITS OF DEVILS (πνευματα δαιμονιων). "Spirits of demons." Explanation of the simile ως βατραχο. See 1 Timothy 4:1 about "deceiving spirits and teachings of demons."WORKING SIGNS (ποιουντα σημεια). "Doing signs" (present active participle of ποιεω). The Egyptian magicians wrought "signs" (tri... [ Continue Reading ]
BEHOLD, I COME AS A THIEF (ιδου ερχομα ως κλεπτης). The voice of Christ breaks in with the same metaphor as in Revelation 3:3, which see. There comes one of seven beatitudes in Rev. (Revelation 1:3; Revelation 14:13; Revelation 16:15; Revelation 19:9; Revelation 20:6; Revelation 22:7;... [ Continue Reading ]
THEY GATHERED (συνηγαγεν). Second aorist active indicative of συναγω, singular (the three unclean spirits), like εκπορευετα in verse Revelation 16:14.HAR-MAGEDON (Hαρ-Μαγεδων). John proceeds now after the interruption in verse Revelation 16:15. Perhaps "the mountains of Megiddo" though not certa... [ Continue Reading ]
UPON THE AIR (επ τον αερα). All men breathe the air and this is worse than the smiting of the earth (verse Revelation 16:2), the sea (Revelation 16:3), the fresh waters (Revelation 16:4), the sun (Revelation 16:8).A GREAT VOICE (φωνη μεγαλη). The voice of God as in Revelation 16:1.IT IS DONE ... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THERE WERE (κα εγενοντο). "And there came" (same verb _ginomai_). See Revelation 8:5; Revelation 11:19 for this list of terrible sounds and lightnings, and for the great earthquake (σεισμος μεγας) see Revelation 6:12; Revelation 11:13 (cf. Luke 21:11).SUCH AS WAS NOT (οιος ουκ εγενετο). Qua... [ Continue Reading ]
WAS DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS (εγενετο εις τρια μερη). "Came into three parts" (γινομα again). In Revelation 11:3 a tenth part of the city fell. Babylon (Rome) is meant (Revelation 17:18).FELL (επεσαν). Second aorist active indicative of πιπτω (-αν form in place of -ον).WAS REMEMBERED (εμνησθη... [ Continue Reading ]
FLED (εφυγεν). Second aorist active indicative of φευγω. Islands sometimes sink in the sea in earthquakes (Revelation 6:14).WERE NOT FOUND (ουχ ευρεθησαν). First aorist passive indicative of ευρισκω. See Revelation 20:11 for the same idea.... [ Continue Reading ]
HAIL (χαλαζα). As in Revelation 8:17; Revelation 11:19.EVERY STONE ABOUT THE WEIGHT OF A TALENT (ως ταλαντιαια). Old adjective (from ταλαντον), here only in N.T., but in Polybius and Josephus. See Exodus 9:24 for the great hail in Egypt and also Joshua 10:11; Isaiah 28:2; Ezekiel 38:22 for hail... [ Continue Reading ]