Jude. Rev., Judas. One of the brethren of Jesus; not the brother of James the Apostle, the son of Alphaeus, but of James the superintendent of the church at Jerusalem. He is named among the brethren of the Lord. Matthew 13:55; Mark 6:3. Servant. He does not call himself an apostle, as Paul and Peter... [ Continue Reading ]
Love. Peculiar to Jude in salutation.... [ Continue Reading ]
Beloved. Occurring at the beginning of an epistle only here and 3 John 1:2. When I gave all diligence [π α σ α ν σ π ο υ δ η ν π ο ι ο υ μ ε ν ο ς]. Lit., making all diligence; the phrase found only here. In Hebrews 6:11, we find "shew diligence" [ε ν δ ε ι κ ν υ σ θ α ι]; and in 2 Peter 1:5, "addi... [ Continue Reading ]
With the whole verse compare 2 Peter 2:1. Crept in unawares [π α ρ ε ι σ ε δ υ σ α ν]. Rev., privily. See on 2 Peter 2:1. The verb means to get in by the side [π α ρ α], to slip in by a side - door. Only here in New Testament. Ordained [π ρ ο γ ε γ ρ α μ μ ε ν ο ι]. The meaning is in dispute. The w... [ Continue Reading ]
Ye once knew [ε ι δ ο τ α ς α π α ξ]. Entirely wrong. The participle is to be rendered as present, and the once is not formerly, but once for all, as ver. Jud 1:0:3So Rev., rightly, though ye know all things once for all.... [ Continue Reading ]
First estate [α ρ χ η ν]. The word originally signifies beginning, and so frequently in New Testament, mostly in the Gospels, Acts, Hebrews, Catholic Epistles, and Revelation. From this comes a secondary meaning of sovereignty, dominion, magistracy, as being the beginning or first place of power. So... [ Continue Reading ]
The cities about them. Admah and Zeboim. Deuteronomy 29:23; Hosea 11:8. Giving themselves over to fornication [ε κ π ο ρ ε υ σ α σ α ι]. Rev., more strictly, having given, etc. Only here in New Testament. The force of ejk is out and out; giving themselves up utterly. See on followed, 2 Peter 1:16. G... [ Continue Reading ]
Yet [μ ε ν τ ο ι]. Not rendered by A. V., but expressing that though they have these fearful examples before them, yet they persist in their sin. Dominion - dignities [κ υ ρ ι ο τ η τ α - δ ο ξ α ς]. It is not easy to determine the exact meaning of these two terms. Kuriothv, dominion, occurs in thre... [ Continue Reading ]
Michael the archangel. Here we strike a peculiarity of this epistle which caused its authority to be impugned in very early times, viz., the apparent citations of apocryphal writings. The passages are vv. 9, 14, 15. This reference to Michael was said by Origen to be founded on a Jewish work called ... [ Continue Reading ]
Compare 2 Peter 2:12. They know not [ο υ κ ο ι δ α σ ι ν]. Mental comprehension and knowledge, and referring to the whole range of invisible things; while the other verb in this verse, also translated by A. V. know (ejpistantai, originally of skill in handicraft), refers to palpable things; objects... [ Continue Reading ]
Woe [ο υ α ι]. Often used by our Lord, but never elsewhere except here and in Revelation. The expression in 1 Corinthians 9:16 is different. There the word is not used as an imprecation, but almost as a noun : "Woe is unto me" So Hosea 9:12 (Sept.). Ran greedily [ε ξ ε χ υ θ η σ α ν]. Lit., were po... [ Continue Reading ]
Spots [σ π ι λ α δ ε ς]. Only here in New Testament. So rendered in A. V., because understood as kindred to spiloi (2 Peter 2:13); but rightly, as Rev., hidden rocks. So Homer, (" Odyssey, "3, 298)," the waves dashed the ship against the rocks [σ π ι λ α δ ε σ σ ι ν]. " See on deceivings, 2 Peter 2:... [ Continue Reading ]
Raging [α γ ρ ι α]. Rev., wild, which is better, as implying quality rather than act. Waves, by nature untamed. The act or expression of the nature is given by the next word. Foaming out [ε π α φ ρ ι ζ ο ν τ α]. Only here in New Testament. Compare Isaiah 57:20. Shame [α ι σ χ υ ν α ς]. Lit., shame... [ Continue Reading ]
Enoch prophesied. This is the second of the apocryphal passages referred to in notes on ver. 9. It is quoted from the apocryphal book of Enoch, directly, or from a tradition based upon it. The passage in Enoch is as follows : "Behold he comes with ten thousands of his saints, to execute judgment upo... [ Continue Reading ]
Murmurers [γ ο γ γ υ σ τ α ι]. Only here in New Testament. Doubtless, originally, with some adaptation of sound to sense, gongustai. It is used of the cooling of doves. Complainers [μ ε μ ψ ι μ ο ι ρ ο ι]. From memfomai, to find fault with, and moira, a part or lot. Lit., blamers of their lot. Gre... [ Continue Reading ]
Mockers. See on 2 Peter 3:3. Ungodly lusts [ε π ι θ υ μ ι α ς τ ω ν α σ ε β ε ι ω ν]. Lit., lusts of ungodlinesses.... [ Continue Reading ]
Separate themselves [α π ο δ ι ο ρ ι ζ ο ν τ ε ς]. Only here in New Testament. Themselves is unnecessary. Better, as Rev., make separations; i e., cause divisions in the church. The verb is compounded with ajpo, away; dia, though; orov, a boundary line. Of those who draw a line through the church an... [ Continue Reading ]
And of some have compassion, making a difference. This follows the reading, kai ouv men ejleeite [ε λ ε α τ ε] diakrinomenoi. The best texts, however, read diakrinomenouv, which would require, "On some have mercy who are in doubt. So Rev. Others, again, for ejleeite, have mercy, read ejlegcete, repr... [ Continue Reading ]
Snatching them out of the fire. The writer has in mind Zechariah 3:2, a brand plucked from the burning. Compare Amos 4:11. With fear [ε ν φ ο β ω]. Lit., in fear; i e., of the contagion of sin while we are rescuing them. Spotted [ε σ π ι λ ω μ ε ν ο ν]. Only here and James 3:6. See on 2 Peter 2:13... [ Continue Reading ]
To keep you from falling [φ υ λ α ξ α ι υ μ α ς α π τ α ι σ τ ο υ ς]. Lit., " to keep you without stumbling. Only here in New Testament. See the kindred word offend. Rev., stumble, James 2:10; James 3:2. Exceeding joy [α γ α λ λ ι α σ ε ι]. See on 1 Peter 1:6.... [ Continue Reading ]
Both now and ever [κ α ι ν υ ν κ α ι ε ι ς π α ν τ α ς τ ο υ, ς α ι ω ν α ς]. Lit., both now and unto all the ages. The best texts add pro pantov tou aijwnov, before all time. LIST OF GREEK WORDS USED BY Jude ONLY - - - - - - - - - - ajpodiorizw, to separate, 19 aptaistov, without falling, 24 gogg... [ Continue Reading ]