Fall [π ε π τ ω κ ο τ α]. Lit., fallen. The star had fallen before and is seen as fallen. Rev., properly construes star with from heaven instead of with fallen. Compare Isaiah 14:12; Luke 10:18. Of the bottomless pit [τ ο υ φ ρ ε α τ ο ς τ η ς α β υ σ σ ο υ]. Rev., of the pit of the abyss. See on J... [ Continue Reading ]
Smoke of a great furnace. Compare Genesis 19:28; Exodus 19:18; Matthew 13:42; Matthew 13:50.... [ Continue Reading ]
Locusts [α κ ρ ι δ ε ς]. The idea of this plague is from the eighth plague in Egypt (Exodus 10:14; Exodus 10:15). Compare the description of a visitation of locusts in Joel 2. There are three Hebrew words in the Old Testament which appear to mean locust, probably signifying different species. Only t... [ Continue Reading ]
Green. See on ch. Revelation 6:8. Men which [α ν θ ρ ω π ο υ ς ο ι τ ι ν ε ς]. The double relative denotes the class. Rev., such men as have, etc.... [ Continue Reading ]
They should be tormented (basanisqwsin). See on torments, Matthew 4:24. Striketh [π α ι σ η]. Dr. Thomson says that the scorpion cannot strike sideways. All accounts agree as to the fearful pain from its sting.... [ Continue Reading ]
Men. Rather, the men : those tormented. Shall desire [ε π ι θ υ μ η σ ο υ σ ι ν]. Epi has the force of vehemently, earnestly. Shall flee [φ ε υ ξ ε τ α ι]. Read feugei fleeth. Aeschylus says : "Not justly do mortals hate death, since it is the greatest deliverance from their many woes" (" Fragment... [ Continue Reading ]
Shapes [ο μ ο ι ω μ α τ α]. Lit., likenesses. Horses. Compare Joel 2:4. The likeness of a locust to a horse, especially to a horse equipped with armor, is so striking that the insect is named in German Heupferd hay - horse, and in Italian calvaletta little horse. Crowns. Not actual crowns, but as c... [ Continue Reading ]
Hair of women. The antennae of the locust. There is said to be an Arabic proverb in which the antennae of locusts are compared to girls' hair. Teeth of lions. Compare Joel 1:6.... [ Continue Reading ]
Breastplates. The breast of the locust resembles the plates of a horse's armor. Sound of their wings. Olivier, a French writer, says : "It in difficult to express the effect produced on us by the sight of the whole atmosphere filled on all sides and to a great height by an innumerable quantity of t... [ Continue Reading ]
They had a king over them (ecousin ejf' aujtwn basilea). Render, as Rev., they have over them as king. Compare Proverbs 30:27. Hence distinguished from the natural locusts. In Hebrew [ε β ρ α ι σ τ ι]. Used only by John. Compare John 5:2; John 19:13; John 19:17; John 19:20; Revelation 16:16. Abaddo... [ Continue Reading ]
The first woe [η ο υ α ι η μ ι α]. Lit., the one woe.... [ Continue Reading ]
A voice [φ ω ν η ν μ ι α ν]. Lit., one voice. Altar. See on ch. Revelation 8:3.... [ Continue Reading ]
In the great river [ε π ι]. Rev., more correctly, at. Euphrates. The Euphrates was known as the great River, the River, the Flood. It rises in the mountains of Armenia, breaks through the Taurus range and runs south and southeast until it joins the Tigris in lower Babylonia Its total length is from... [ Continue Reading ]
For an hour and a day and a month and a year. This rendering is wrong, since it conveys the idea that the four periods mentioned are to be combined as representing the length of the preparation or of the continuance of the plague. But it is to be noted that neither the article nor the preposition ar... [ Continue Reading ]
Of the horsemen [τ ο υ ι π π ι κ ο υ]. Singular number, like the English the horse or the cavalry. Two hundred thousand thousand [δ υ ο μ υ ρ ι α δ ε ς μ υ ρ ι α δ ω ν]. Lit., two ten - thousands of ten - thousands. See on ch. Revelation 5:11. Rev., twice ten - thousand times ten - thousand. Compar... [ Continue Reading ]
Thus [ο υ τ ω ς]. After this manner. In the vision [ε ν τ η ο π α σ ε ι]. Or "in my vision." See on Acts 2:17. The reference to sight may be inserted because of I heard in ver. 16. Of fire [π υ ρ ι ν ο υ ς]. Rev., "as of fire." Fiery red. Of jacinth [υ α κ ι ν θ ι ν ο υ ς]. Uakinqov hyacinth is th... [ Continue Reading ]
These three. Add plhgwn plagues, on which see on Mark 3:10; Luke 10:30.... [ Continue Reading ]
Their power [ε ξ ο υ σ ι α ι α υ τ ω ν]. Read ejxousia twn ippwn the power of the horses. Like unto serpents. "Long, smooth, subtle, clasping their victim in an embrace from which he cannot escape" (Milligan). As one of the innumerable fantasies of Apocalyptic exposition may be cited that of Elliot... [ Continue Reading ]
Repented not of the works [ο υ τ ε μ ε τ ε ν ο η σ α ν ε κ τ ω ν ε ρ γ ω ν]. Lit., "Out of the works." The preposition ejk out of with repent, denotes a moral change involving an abandonment of evil works. See on Matthew 3:2; Matthew 21:29. Works of their hands. Not their course of life, but the ido... [ Continue Reading ]
Sorceries [φ α ρ μ α κ ε ι ω ν]. Only here, ch. 18 23; and Galatians 5:20, where farmakeia sorceries, A. V., witchcraft is enumerated among the "works of the flesh." Used in the Septuagint of the Egyptian sorceries (Exodus 7:22. Of Babylon, Isaiah 47:9; Isaiah 47:12). From farmakon a drug, and thenc... [ Continue Reading ]