James] The Lord's brother (Galatians 1:19; Acts 15:13). This appearance is not mentioned in the Gospels.

All the apostles] probably just before the Ascension, Acts 1:4.

The present passage is the oldest account of the appearances of the risen Lord, written years before any of our Gospels, and only about twenty-five years after the events, while hundreds of witnesses were still living. It is thus a most valuable piece of evidence as to the certainty of our Lord's Resurrection, which would remain firmly attested even if the authenticity of our Gospels were denied.

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