The Chaldeans or Assyrians are meant: see Jeremiah 5:15; Habakkuk 1:6.

53-57. This crowning horror of a longcontinued siege actually took place during the siege of Samaria by the Syrians (2 Kings 6:26), in the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (Lamentations 4:10), and later in the final overthrow of Jerusalem by Titus, as recorded by Josephus in his 'Wars of the Jews.'

58: The name of God is His revealed character: see on Numbers 6:27. The name here, Jehovah thy God, expresses what God is in Himself, and what He is to Israel. He is the eternal and self-existent God who has made Israel His people.

64, 65. These words were fulfilled at the exile, and even more literally at the destruction of Jerusalem during the Roman supremacy. Since that time the Jews have been repeatedly persecuted and driven from one country to another; but, wonderfully enough, they have always preserved their identity. They still present the strange spectacle of a nation without a country: see on Numbers 23:9.

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