Controversy] 'quarrel.' The calamity of Edom is a punishment from Jehovah for its hostility to Zion.

9, 10. Imagery suggested by the fate of Sodom and Gomorrah (Jeremiah 49:18), and by the volcanic character of the land of Edom.

11-15. A graphic picture of a desolate land haunted by wild and uncanny creatures.

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