XIII. The series of narratives that follow, as far as 2 Samuel 22, are chiefly accounts of the misfortunes that befel David and his household after his great sin. These are entirely omitted from the Chronicles, which also omit the account of that sin.... [ Continue Reading ]
IT CAME TO PASS AFTER THIS. — This formula applies to the narrative which follows as a whole: not, of course, to the fact immediately afterwards mentioned, that Absalom’s sister was Tamar. This may illustrate the use of the same phrase in other places. Absalom and Tamar were children of Maacah, dau... [ Continue Reading ]
THOUGHT IT HARD. — Rather, _it seemed impossible to Amnon._ The modest seclusion of Tamar in the harem of her mother seemed to leave him no opportunity to carry out his desires. It appears from the narrative that the king’s children lived in different households, and each grown-up son dwelt in his... [ Continue Reading ]
JONADAB, THE SON OF SHIMEAH. — In 1 Samuel 16:9, Shimeah is called _Shammah,_ and appears there as the third son of Jesse. He had another son, Jonathan, mentioned in 2 Samuel 21:21, as the conqueror of one of the giants. The word _subtil_ is used simply to indicate sagacity and wisdom, whether right... [ Continue Reading ]
MAKE THYSELF SICK. — Rather, _Feign thyself sick._ It has already been mentioned in 2 Samuel 13:2 that Amnon “fell sick.” That was the real pining of ungoverned and ungratified passion; this was a crafty feigning of sickness. Yet the miserable condition to which Amnon was brought by the former would... [ Continue Reading ]
THAT I MAY EAT AT HER HAND. — This request from an invalid seemed natural, and was readily granted. SENT HOME. — Literally, _into the house; i.e.,_ to the private apartments of the women — the harem.... [ Continue Reading ]
HE REFUSED TO EAT. — This also seemed natural enough in a whimsical invalid, and for the same reason his next requirement, “Have out all men from me,” awakened no suspicion in the mind of Tamar.... [ Continue Reading ]
DO NOT THOU THIS FOLLY. — Tamar, now left alone in the power of her half-brother, endeavours to escape by reasoning. She first speaks of the sinfulness in Israel of that which was allowed among surrounding heathen, quoting the very words of Genesis 34:7, as if by the traditions of their nation to re... [ Continue Reading ]
SPEAK UNTO THE KING. — The marriage of half-brothers and sisters was strictly forbidden in the Law (Leviticus 18:9; Leviticus 18:11; Leviticus 20:17), and it is not to be supposed that Tamar really thought David would violate its provisions for Amnon; but she made any and every suggestion to gain ti... [ Continue Reading ]
HATED HER EXCEEDINGLY. — “It is characteristic of human nature to hate one whom you have injured” (Tacitus, _quoted by_ Kirkpatrick), This result shows that Amnon was governed, not by love, but by mere animal passion.... [ Continue Reading ]
THERE IS NO CAUSE. — The Hebrew is elliptical and difficult; various interpretations are suggested, among which that given in the Authorised Version expresses very well the sense, although not an accurate translation. Amnon was now doing her a greater wrong than at first, because he was now bound, i... [ Continue Reading ]
PUT NOW THIS WOMAN OUT. — Amnon doubtless intended to give the impression that Tamar had behaved shamefully towards him. The baseness of this insinuation is in keeping with his brutality.... [ Continue Reading ]
A GARMENT OF DIVERS COLOURS. — The word is used only here and in connection with Joseph (Genesis 37:3; Genesis 37:23; Genesis 37:32), and is supposed to mean a tunic with long sleeves, in distinction from those with short sleeves commonly worn. The fact is mentioned to show that Tamar must have been... [ Continue Reading ]
WENT ON CRYING. — Literally, _went going and cried; i.e.,_ as she went away she cried aloud. Tamar put on every external mark of the deep grief within; and this was not only fitting in itself, but was a proper means to obtain justice for her wrongs.... [ Continue Reading ]
HATH AMNON. — The Hebrew, by a clerical error, has here _Aminon._ Absalom at once sees how the case stands, comforts his sister, but counsels silence as necessary to the purpose of revenge he had at once formed, and takes his desolate sister to his own house.... [ Continue Reading ]
HE WAS VERY WROTH. — The LXX. adds, “but he vexed not the spirit of Amnon his son, because he loved him, because he was his firstborn,” — which is doubtless in part the reason of David’s guilty leniency. The remembrance of his own sin also tended to withhold his hand from the administration of justi... [ Continue Reading ]
ABSALOM HAD SHEEPSHEARERS. — Absalom had now silently nourished his revenge for “two full years.” No doubt he chose also to give full opportunity for his father to punish Amnon’s iniquity if he would; and by this long quiet waiting he so far disarmed suspicion that he was able to carry out his purpo... [ Continue Reading ]
CAME TO THE KING. — Absalom could hardly have expected the king to accept his invitation, but by pressing him to go he effectively disguised his real purpose, and secured David’s blessing.... [ Continue Reading ]
IF NOT... LET... AMNON. — Absalom then asks that if the king himself will not come, Amnon, as his eldest son and heir-apparent, may represent him at the feast. David hesitates, but as he could not well refuse without acknowledging a suspicion which he was unwilling to express, he finally consents.... [ Continue Reading ]
HE LET AMNON GO. — The LXX. adds at the end of this verse an explanatory gloss, “And Absalom made a feast like the feast of a king.”... [ Continue Reading ]
AS ABSALOM HAD COMMANDED. — It was quite customary for the servants of a prince to obey his orders without question, leaving the entire responsibility to rest with him. In this case, if Chileab (or Daniel) was already dead, as seems probable, Absalom stood next in the succession to Amnon, and, howev... [ Continue Reading ]
THERE IS NOT ONE OF THEM LEFT. — The story of this exaggerated report, so true to the life, indicates contemporaneous authorship.... [ Continue Reading ]
TARE HIS GARMENTS. — Rather, _rent his clothes,_ the words being the same as in the last clause of the verse.... [ Continue Reading ]
JONADAB. — The same subtle counsellor who had led Amnon into his sin, now at once divined how the case really stood and reassured the king. BY THE APPOINTMENT OF ABSALOM THIS HATH BEEN DETERMINED. — Literally, _upon Absalom’s mouth it hath been set,_ an expression which has given rise to much varie... [ Continue Reading ]
ABSALOM FLED. — This is connected on one side with 2 Samuel 13:29, and on the other with 2 Samuel 13:37. Several things were happening at once. When the king’s sons fled to the palace, Absalom, taking advantage of the confusion, escaped another way. The reason for mentioning the fact just here is th... [ Continue Reading ]
WENT TO TALMAI. — His maternal grandfather. (See Note on 2 Samuel 3:2.) This verse may be considered parenthetical: — The king’s sons came... and wept sore. (“Only Absalom fled and went to... Geshur.”) In this case the omission of “David” in the latter clause of the verse is explained, as the nomina... [ Continue Reading ]
WAS THERE THREE YEARS. — This is the third time the flight of Absalom has been mentioned; but, after the custom of Scripture narrative, each repetition has been for the purpose of introducing some additional fact. In 2 Samuel 13:34 the simple fact of his flight is stated; in 2 Samuel 13:37 it is add... [ Continue Reading ]
THE SOUL OF KING DAVID. — The words, “the soul of,” are not in the original, and the most opposite interpretations have been given of the rest of the sentence. The sense of the English is that of the Chaldee and of the Jewish commentators — that David, after his grief for Amnon had abated, longed af... [ Continue Reading ]