1 Samuel 13:1

CHAPTER XIII

Saul chooses a body of troops, 1, 2.

Jonathan smites a garrison of the Philistines, 3, 4.

The Philistines gather together an immense host against Israel,

5.

The Israelites are afraid; and some hide themselves in caves,

and others flee over Jordan, 6, 7.

Samuel delaying his coming, Saul offers sacrifice, 8, 9.

Samuel comes and reproves him, and Saul excuses himself, 10-12.

Samuel shows him that God has rejected him from being captain

over his people, 13, 14.

Samuel departs; and Saul and Jonathan, with six hundred men

abide in Gibeah, 15, 16.

The Philistines send out foraging companies, and waste the land,

17, 18.

Desolate state of the Israelitish army, having no weapons of

defence against their enemies, 19-23.

NOTES ON CHAP. XIII

Verse 1 Samuel 13:1. Saul reigned one year] A great deal of learned labour has been employed and lost on this verse, to reconcile it with propriety and common sense. I shall not recount the meanings put on it. I think this clause belongs to the preceding chapter, either as a part of the whole, or a chronological note added afterwards; as if the writer had said, These things (related in 1 Samuel 12:1) took place in the first year of Saul's reign: and then he proceeds in the next place to tell us what took place in the second year, the two most remarkable years of Saul's reign. In the first he is appointed, anointed, and twice confirmed, viz., at Mizpeh and at Gilgal; in the second, Israel is brought into the lowest state of degradation by the Philistines, Saul acts unconstitutionally, and is rejected from being king. These things were worthy of an especial chronological note.

And when he had reigned] This should begin the chapter, and be read thus: "And when Saul had reigned two years over Israel, he chose him three thousand," tic. The Septuagint has left the clause out of the text entirely, and begins the chapter thus: "And Saul chose to himself three thousand men out of the men of Israel."