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Adam Clarke Bible Commentary

Exodus 10:21

The NINTH plague - THICK DARKNESS

Verse Exodus 10:21. Darkness which may be felt.] Probably this was occasioned by a superabundance of aqueous vapours floating in the atmosphere, which were so thick as to prevent the rays of the sun from penetrating through them; an extraordinarily thick mist supernaturally, i.e., miraculously, brought on. An awful emblem of the darkened state of the Egyptians and their king.

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See also Exodus 10:21 in other biblical comments:

  • Albert Barnes' Bible Commentary

    DARKNESS - This infliction was specially calculated to affect the spirits of the Egyptians, whose chief object of worship was the Sun-god; and its suddenness and severity in connection with the act of...

  • Annotated Bible by A.C. Gaebelein

    CHAPTER 10 THE EIGHTH AND NINTH PLAGUES _ 1. The eighth plague: locusts (Exodus 10:1)_ 2. Pharaoh's renewed confession and refusal (Exodus 10:16) 3. The ninth plague: darkness (Exodus 10:21) 4. Ph...

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    9°. THE PALPABLE DARKNESS (Exodus 10:21 E. Exodus 10:24 J, Exodus 10:27 E, Exodus 10:28 f. J). The wonder again lay in the coincidence, t

  • Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible

    EXODUS 7:14 TO EXODUS 12:36. THE TEN PLAGUES. How deeply this series of events imprinted itself on the mind and heart of the nation is shown by the fulness with which the three sources report them. J...

  • Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

    THE LORD (Hebrew. _Jehovah._ said. See note on Exodus 3:7, and compare note on Exodus 6:10. DARKNESS. First of four instances of darkness in judgment. Exodus 10:22.

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    _Stretch out_, &c. addressed to _Moses_, as Exodus 9:22, Exo Exodus 10:12 (both E). _even darkness which may be felt_ lit. _so that one may feel darkness_. (LXX. ψηλαφητὸν σκότος; Vulg. _tam densae ut...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    Exodus 7:14 to Exodus 11:5 _The first nine Plagues_ The narrative of the Plagues, like that of the preceding Chapter s, is composite. The details of the analysis depend partly upon literary criteria...

  • Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

    The _ninth_plague. The darkness. From E and J....

  • Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

    DARKNESS WHICH MAY BE FELT— The supreme objects of the Egyptian worship were the sun, moon, and stars: therefore, to demonstrate his authority over these exalted parts of nature, Jehovah suspended the...

  • College Press Bible Study Textbook Series

    The Text of EXODUS TRANSLATION 10 And Je-ho-vah said unto Mo-ses, Go in unto Pha-raoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servant, that I may show these my signs in the midst of them,...

  • Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

    _AND THE LORD SAID UNTO MOSES, STRETCH OUT THINE HAND TOWARD HEAVEN, THAT THERE MAY BE DARKNESS OVER THE LAND OF EGYPT, EVEN DARKNESS WHICH MAY BE FELT._ Stretch out thine hand ... darkness. Whatever...

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    THE EIGHTH AND NINTH PLAGUES 1-20. The Eighth Plague:—Locusts....

  • Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible

    This plague, like the third and sixth, was sent without warning. It is not said how the darkness was produced, but in all probability it had a natural basis, like the other plagues. It resembles the d...

  • EasyEnglish Bible Commentaries

    EXODUS: ISRAEL BECOMES A NATION THE *ISRAELITES LEAVE EGYPT EXODUS CHAPTER S 1 TO 18 _HILDA BRIGHT AND KITTY PRIDE_ CHAPTER 10 *PLAGUE NUMBER 8: *LOCUSTS – VERSES 1-20 MOSES WARNS *PHARAOH AGAI...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    DARKNESS WHICH MAY BE FELT. — Heb., _one shall grasp darkness._ The Authorised Version seems to give the true meaning, which is found also in the LXX. and the Vulg. The idea is an exaggeration of that...

  • Ellicott's Commentary On The Whole Bible

    THE NINTH PLAGUE. (21-23) The ninth plague, like the third and sixth, was sent without any previous warning. It consisted in a “thick darkness,” which may have been brought about by means of the _Kham...

  • ETCBC data on Hebrew bible

    וַ יֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל ־מֹשֶׁ֗ה נְטֵ֤ה יָֽדְ

  • Expositor's Bible Commentary (Nicoll)

    THE NINTH PLAGUE. Exodus 10:21. We have taken it as settled that the Pharaoh of the Exodus was Menephtah, the Beloved of the God Ptah. If so, his devotion to the gods throws a curious light upon his...

  • Frederick Brotherton Meyer's Commentary

    THE PLAGUES OF LOCUSTS AND OF DARKNESS Exodus 10:12 The locust is the most terrible plague of Eastern lands. The heat intense; the air languid; the sound as of a strong breeze; the sun darkened by a...

  • G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible

    It would seem at this point that Moses himself was overawed by the fearful process of judgment and so before the next plague God announced to His servant a new reason for the whole movement. It was in...

  • Geneva Study Bible Commentary

    And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness [which] may be (h) felt. (h) Because it was so thick....

  • George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

    _Darkness upon the land of Egypt so thick that it may be felt. By means of the gross exhalations, which were to cause and accompany the darkness. (Challoner) --- Thus were the Egyptians punished for k...

  • Hawker's Poor man's commentary

    Job 10:22...

  • Introductory Lectures - Commentary by William Kelly

    There is hardly a book of the Old Testament that stands out in more decided contrast with the book of Genesis than the one which follows it most closely. And this is the more striking, because God emp...

  • John Calvin's Bible Commentary

    21._And the Lord said unto Moses. _God here inflicts the punishment without denouncing it; because Pharaoh had deceitfully broken his promise of being obedient to His word. Since, therefore, he had so...

  • John Darby's Synopsis

    THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 5 THROUGH 13. At the news of the goodness of God, the people adore Him; but the struggle against the power of evil is another matter. Satan will not let the p...

  • John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible

    AND THE LORD SAID UNTO MOSES,.... About the eleventh day of the month Abib: STRETCH OUT THINE HAND TOWARD HEAVEN; where the luminaries are, and from whence light comes: THAT THERE MAY BE DARKNESS OV...

  • John Trapp Complete Commentary

    And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness [which] may be felt. Ver. 21. _Stretch out thine hand._] Here was...

  • Joseph Benson’s Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    We may observe concerning this plague, 1st, That it was a _total_ darkness. We have reason to think, not only that the lights of heaven were clouded, but that all their fires and candles were put out...

  • KJV Original Language Details

    1 God threatneth to send locusts. 7 Pharaoh, moued by his seruants, inclineth to let the Israelites goe. 12 The plague of the locusts. 16 Pharaoh sueth to Moses. 21 The plague of darkenesse. 24 P...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    THE PLAGUE OF DARKNESS...

  • Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible

    And the Lord said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. Without previous announcement or warning this pla...

  • Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures

    I. THE DARKNESS Exodus 10:21-29 21And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thine [thy] hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness _which_ may be felt. 22And...

  • Leslie M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible

    PLAGUE NO.8 -- LOCUSTS (vs.1-20) Again the Lord reminds Moses that He Himself had hardened Pharaoh's heart and the hearts of his servants in order that He might publicly show His signs before them,...

  • Marginal Notes in the King James Version (1611)

    EVEN DARKNESS WHICH MAY BE FELT: _ Heb._ that one may feel darkness...

  • Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible

    21-29 The plague of darkness brought upon Egypt was a dreadful plague. It was darkness which might be felt, so thick were the fogs. It astonished and terrified. It continued three days; six nights in...

  • Matthew Poole's Concise Commentary On The Bible

    It is an hyperbolical expression, such being very frequent both in Scripture and in all authors. For darkness being only a privation, cannot be properly felt, yet it might be felt in its cause, to wit...

  • Patchworkid's Personal Study Bible Notes

    Exodus 10:21 LORD H3068 said H559 (H8799) Moses H4872 out H5186 (H8798) hand H3027 heaven H8064 darkness...

  • Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible

    THE NINTH PLAGUE - THE PLAGUE OF THICK DARKNESS (EXODUS 10:21). As with the third and sixth plagues this one comes without introduction or warning, like a second hammer blow following a first or like...

  • Summarized Bible Commentary

    CONTENTS: Plagues of locusts and darkness. CHARACTERS: God, Moses, Aaron, Pharaoh. CONCLUSION: God's terms of reconcilliation are fixed and cannot be disputed or lowered. Men must meet the demand of...

  • Sutcliffe's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments

    Exodus 10:2. _In the ears of thy son._ The Hebrew prophets in their sermons, and the psalmists in their songs, have recorded those wonderful works of the Lord; and the doctrines and inferences fairly...

  • The Biblical Illustrator

    _Darkness over the land of Egypt._ LESSONS 1. God falls upon sinners without warning where they deal falsely with Him. 2. The same signal God may command for several uses. 3. God’s word determines...

  • The Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary

    CRITICAL NOTES.— Exodus 10:21. Darkness which may be felt] Fürst takes the Heb. to mean: “to grope about in the dark.” _MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.— Exodus 10:21_ THE PLAGUE OF DARKNESS; OR,...

  • The Pulpit Commentaries

    EXPOSITION THE NINTH PLAGUE. The ninth plague, like the third and the sixth, was inflicted without special warning. God had announced, after the plague of boils, that he was about to "send all his pla...

  • Through The Bible C2000 Serie by Chuck Smith

    And the Lord said unto Moses, Go in unto Pharaoh: for I have hardened his heart, and the heart of his servants, that I might show these my signs before him: And that thou mayest tell in the ears of th...

  • Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

    stretch Exodus 9:22 darkness. As the Egyptians not only worshipped the light and Psalms 35:6 Psalms 78:49 Psalms 105:28...

  • Wesley's Explanatory Notes

    We may observe concerning this plague. That it was a total darkness. We have reason to think, not only that the lights of heaven were clouded, but that all their fires and candles were put out by the...

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