INTRODUCTION TO DEUTERONOMY 23
Orders are here given to restrain certain persons from entering into
the congregation of the Lord, Deuteronomy 23:1, and to take care that
there be no unclean person in the camp, or any indecent thing done in
it, Deuteronomy 23:9, to protect fugitive servants, and not... [ Continue Reading ]
HE THAT IS WOUNDED IN THE STONES,.... In any of them, not
accidentally, but purposely; which are crushed and bruised by the
hands of men, with a design to make him unfit for generation, or to
make an eunuch of him:
OR THAT HATH HIS PRIVY MEMBER CUT BY HIMSELF OR ANOTHER, and is a
thorough eunuch by... [ Continue Reading ]
A BASTARD SHALL NOT ENTER INTO THE CONGREGATION OF THE LORD,.... That
is born of whoredom, as the Targum of Jonathan; and for the sake of
avoiding whoredom and deterring from it was this law made, according
to Maimonides h, that adulterers might see, as he observes, that they
affect their whole fami... [ Continue Reading ]
AN AMMONITE OR MOABITE SHALL NOT ENTER INTO THE CONGREGATION OF THE
LORD,.... Or marry an Israelitish woman, as Jarchi, and so the Targum
of Jonathan,
"the male Ammonites and Moabites are not fit to take a wife of the
congregation of the Lord;''
for the Jews restrain this to men, because it is, as... [ Continue Reading ]
BECAUSE THEY MET YOU NOT WITH BREAD AND WITH WATER,.... To supply them
therewith, either as a gift, which was a piece of humanity to
strangers and travellers, or rather to sell unto them, for on no other
terms did the Israelites desire their bread and their water:
IN THE WAY WHEN YE CAME FORTH OUT... [ Continue Reading ]
NEVERTHELESS, THE LORD THY GOD WOULD NOT HEARKEN UNTO BALAAM,.... To
his solicitations, and the methods he took to prevail on the Lord to
suffer him to curse Israel, which he gladly would have done for the
sake of Balak's reward:
BUT THE LORD THY GOD TURNED THE CURSE INTO A BLESSING UNTO THEE; in
t... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU SHALT NOT SEEK THEIR PEACE NOR THEIR PROSPERITY ALL THY DAYS FOR
EVER. Not that they were to retain malice towards them, or indulge a
spirit of revenge, or not do them any good offices in a private way,
which is contrary to the law of love; nor does this contradict any
offices of kindness and f... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU SHALL NOT ABHOR AN EDOMITE,.... Or an Idumean, the descendants of
Esau, whose name was Edom, Genesis 25:30 the Targum of Jonathan adds,
"that comes to be made a proselyte"; he was not to be rejected with
abhorrence, because of the old grudge between Jacob and Esau, and
which was become national... [ Continue Reading ]
THE CHILDREN THAT ARE BEGOTTEN OF THEM, Of such as became proselytes:
SHALL ENTER INTO THE CONGREGATION OF THE LORD IN THEIR THIRD
GENERATION; not in the third generation from the time that this law
was made, but from the time that any of them should embrace the true
religion; their sons were the s... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEN THE HOST GOETH FORTH AGAINST THINE ENEMIES,.... An army of
soldiers march in order to meet the enemy and fight him:
THEN KEEP THEE FROM EVERY WICKED THING; the Targum of Jonathan adds,
by way of explanation,
"from strange worship, uncovering of nakedness, and from shedding
innocent blood;''... [ Continue Reading ]
IF THERE BE AMONG YOU ANY MAN THAT IS NOT CLEAN,.... Any unclean
person in the army, that was even ceremonially unclean in any of the
instances the law makes so, one of which put for the rest is
mentioned:
BY REASON OF UNCLEANNESS THAT CHANCETH HIM BY NIGHT; through pollution
by a nocturnal flux, a... [ Continue Reading ]
BUT IT SHALL BE, WHEN EVENING COMETH ON,.... When the day declines,
and it is near sun setting:
HE SHALL WASH HIMSELF WITH WATER; dip himself all over in water, not
only wash his garments but his flesh:
AND WHEN THE SUN IS DOWN HE SHALL COME INTO THE CAMP AGAIN; and take
his place and rank in the... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU SHALT HAVE ALSO A PLACE WITHOUT THE CAMP,.... A place prepared,
as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan, provided on purpose for the
use hereafter suggested; so Ben Melech:
WHITHER THOU SHALT GO FORTH ABROAD; to do the necessities of nature,
which they were to do without the camp, not in any pl... [ Continue Reading ]
AND THOU SHALT HAVE A PADDLE UPON THY WEAPON,.... A nail or spike,
some kind of instrument to make a hole in the ground with, which was
fastened to the sword upon their loins; which was to be instead of a
spade or mattock to dig with:
AND IT SHALL BE, WHEN THOU SHALL EASE THYSELF ABROAD; without th... [ Continue Reading ]
FOR THE LORD THY GOD WALKETH IN THE MIDST OF THY CAMP,.... In the
tabernacle, which moved when the host marched after the camps of Judah
and Reuben, and before those of Ephraim and Dan, in the midst of them:
this was the position of it while in the wilderness, and afterwards
when they came into the... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU SHALL NOT DELIVER UNTO HIS MASTER THE SERVANT WHICH IS ESCAPED
FROM HIS MASTER UNTO THEE. That is, one that has been used ill by a
cruel and tyrannical master, and was in danger of his life with him,
or of being lamed by him, and therefore obliged to make his escape
from him on that account; su... [ Continue Reading ]
HE SHALL DWELL IN THEE, [EVEN] AMONG YOU,.... This seems to confirm
the sense of it, being a stranger, a: proselyte servant that is here
spoken of, since the law provides for his dwelling among the
Israelites:
IN THAT PLACE HE SHALL CHOOSE, IN ONE OF THY GATES, WHERE IT LIKETH
HIM BEST: he was not... [ Continue Reading ]
THERE SHALL BE NO WHORE OF THE DAUGHTERS OF ISRAEL,.... The word for
"whore" is "kedeshah", which properly signifies an "holy" one; and
here, by an antiphrasis, an unholy, an impure person, one that is
defiled by man; Genesis 38:18. Jarchi interprets the word, one that
makes herself common, that is... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU SHALL NOT BRING THE HIRE OF A WHORE,.... Which was given to her
as a reward for the use of her body:
OR THE PRICE OF A DOG; not of the firstborn of a dog, the price for
the redemption of it, as some; nor for the loan of a hunting dog, or a
shepherd's dog for breed, as Josephus z interprets thi... [ Continue Reading ]
THOU SHALT NOT LEND UPON USURY TO THY BROTHER,.... One of the same
nation and religion, and who is in poor and necessitous circumstances,
and wants either food for himself and family, or money to carry on his
husbandry, till such times as the fruits of his ground will bring him
in a sufficiency for... [ Continue Reading ]
UNTO A STRANGER THOU MAYEST LEND UPON USURY,.... To any Gentile,
though some Jewish writers except the Edomites and Ishmaelites, as
being brethren, and restrain it to the seven nations of Canaan; but it
seems to design one that was not an Israelite, or a proselyte of
righteousness, and especially to... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEN THOU SHALT VOW A VOW UNTO THE LORD THY GOD,.... Which must be of
things in a man's power to perform, and of what are lawful to be done,
and according to the mind and will of God revealed in his word, and
agreeably to the manner of worship prescribed by him; as that he will
offer such a sacrific... [ Continue Reading ]
BUT IF THOU SHALT FORBEAR TO VOW,.... That a man might do, though
there was ability; it was expected indeed that men should vow and
bring freewill offerings in proportion to their ability; whether they
were of the greater sort, of the herd and flock, or of fowls, or even
of fine flour, these were ac... [ Continue Reading ]
THAT WHICH IS GONE OUT OF THY LIPS THOU SHALT KEEP AND PERFORM,....
Which were in their power to perform and lawful to do; and this is
observed to make them watchful and cautious, and not be rash in making
vows, since, when once they were made, an exact and rigid performance
of them was expected; se... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEN THOU COMEST INTO THY NEIGHBOUR'S VINEYARD,.... To take a walk in
it for recreation, and to see how the vines flourish, and what sort of
fruit and what quantity of it they bear; being invited thither by the
owner, or occasionally passing that way stepped in, and even it may be
on purpose to tast... [ Continue Reading ]
WHEN THOU COMEST INTO THE STANDING CORN OF THY NEIGHBOUR,.... Passest
through it to go to some other place, the road lying through it, as it
often does through standing corn; so Christ and his disciples are said
to go through the corn, Matthew 12:1; but Jarchi says this Scripture
speaks of a workman... [ Continue Reading ]