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CHAPTER 21 DIFFERENT JUDGMENTS
_ 1. Master and servant (Exodus 21:1)_
2. Concerning injury to the person (Exodus 21:12)
3. Concerning property (Exodus 21:33)
The Three Chapter s which follow the gi...
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EXODUS 21:2 E. THE LAWS OF SLAVERY. In the 19th cent. slaves were
bought and sold as chattels in Liverpool. Here we see one of the
stages towards the abolition of slavery, _i.e._ regulation, then the...
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NATION. people.
POWER. authority....
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First special case under the general law of _v._7: if a woman, bought
with the intention of being made her master's concubine, does not
please her master, he must let her be redeemed, and he has no po...
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Hebrew _female slaves_. The law for female slaves is different. A
female slave does not receive her freedom at the end of six years
(_v._7); still, she cannot be sold to a non-Israelite; and if her
ma...
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The law of slavery. Cf. Deuteronomy 15:12-18; Leviticus 25:39-55 (H
and P), where there are other regulations on the same subject, in some
respects differing remarkably from those of Ex., and springin...
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Exodus 20:22 to Exodus 23:33
_The Book of the Covenant_
The -Book of the Covenant" (see Exodus 24:7 in explanation of the
name) is the oldest piece of Hebrew legislation that we possess. The
laws co...
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SHALL HE LET HER BE REDEEMED— This might more properly be rendered,
after many of the versions, _he shall redeem_ or _deliver her:_ he
shall set her free. What is rendered, _to a strange people,_ migh...
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THE TEXT OF EXODUS
TRANSLATION
21NOW THESE ARE THE ORDINANCES WHICH THOU SHALT SET BEFORE them.
(2) If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the
seventh he shall go out free for...
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_IF SHE PLEASE NOT HER MASTER, WHO HATH BETROTHED HER TO HIMSELF, THEN
SHALL HE LET HER BE REDEEMED: TO SELL HER UNTO A STRANGE NATION HE
SHALL HAVE NO POWER, SEEING HE HATH DEALT DECEITFULLY WITH HER...
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21:8 unacceptable (d-4) Lit. 'evil.'...
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THE BOOK OF THE COVENANT (CONTINUED)
I-ii. Regulations regarding the Treatment of Hebrew Slaves.
Slavery was universal in ancient times, and the Mosaic Law does not
abolish it. Among the Hebrews, howe...
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EXODUS: *ISRAEL BECOMES A NATION
GOD’S INSTRUCTIONS TO MOSES
EXODUS CHAPTER S 19 TO 40
_HILDA BRIGHT AND KITTY PRIDE_
CHAPTER 21
*HEBREW SLAVES – VERSES 1-11
V1 The *LORD continued to speak to...
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WHO HATH BETROTHED HER TO HIMSELF. — The reading is to be preferred
which gives the opposite sense — “who hath _not_ betrothed her;”
and the meaning is, “If the man, after purchasing the woman to be
h...
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אִם ־רָעָ֞ה בְּ עֵינֵ֧י אֲדֹנֶ֛יהָ
אֲשֶׁר־_לֹ֥ו_†...
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CHAPTER XXI.
_ THE LESSER LAW (continued)._
PART II.--RIGHTS OF THE PERSON.
Exodus 21:1.
The first words of God from Sinai had declared that He was Jehovah Who
brought them out of slavery. And in t...
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At this point we have certain laws which apply the principles of the
Decalogue to life. The first movement has to do with the laws of the
person. This begins with the relation of slaves to their maste...
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Here again, beside the moral lesson taught of doing what is just and
right, here is a spiritual intimation of the betrothing of the heart
to the Lord intended from it. The humblest of the Lord's freem...
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"In the third month, when the children of Israel were gone forth out
of the land of Egypt, the same day came they into the wilderness of
Sinai." Up to this point all the dealings of God have been the...
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THE FOLLOWING COMMENTARY COVERS CHAPTER S 19 THROUGH 23.
But having thus terminated the course of grace, the scene changes
entirely. They do not keep the feast on the mountain, whither God, as
He had...
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IF SHE PLEASE NOT HER MASTER,.... "Be evil in the eyes of her master"
p; and he has no liking of her, and love to her, not being agreeable
in her person, temper, or conduct, so that he does not choose...
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If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, then
shall he let her be redeemed: to sell her unto a strange nation he
shall have no power, seeing he hath dealt deceitfully with her....
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_Who hath betrothed her to himself_ For a concubine, or secondary
wife. Not that masters always took maid-servants on those terms. _Then
shall he let her be redeemed_ Either by herself or her friends,...
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1 Lawes for men seruants.
5 For the seruant whose eare is boared.
7 For women seruants.
12 For manslaughter.
16 For stealers of men.
17 For cursers of parents.
18 For smiters.
22 For a hurt by...
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If she please not her master, who hath betrothed her to himself, that
is, who had purchased her with the expectation of making her his wife
or concubine, then shall he let her be redeemed by some othe...
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PRECEPTS REGULATING THE MASTER'S RELATION TO SLAVES...
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C. FIRST FORM OF THE LAW OF THE POLITICAL COMMONWEALTH
Exodus 21:1 to Exodus 23:33
_a. Right of Personal Freedom (according to Bertheau, ten in number)_
1Now these _are_ the judgments [ordinances] w...
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RESPONSIBILITIES OF MASTERS
(vs.1-11)
Moses is now given an expanded view of the law on Chapter s 21-23.
Special duties of masters are first considered. They may think they
have full authority over t...
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PLEASE NOT HER MASTER:
_ Heb._ be evil in the eyes of, etc...
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1-11 The laws in this chapter relate to the fifth and sixth
commandments; and though they differ from our times and customs, nor
are they binding on us, yet they explain the moral law, and the rules...
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WHO HATH BETROTHED HER TO HIMSELF, for a concubine or secondary wife.
Not that masters did always take maid-servants upon these terms, as
some conceive; but that some did so, and of them this place sp...
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The study of this section of our book is eminently calculated to
impress the heart with a sense d God's unsearchable wisdom and
infinite goodness. It enables one to form some idea of the character
of...
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Exodus 21:8 please H7451 H5869 master H113 betrothed H3259 (H8804)
redeemed H6299 (H8689) right H4910 ...
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PROVISION IN RESPECT OF A WOMAN SOLD TO BE A SLAVE WIFE.
The remaining provisions protected a woman sold to be a slave wife
permanently and were necessary for her. It meant that she could not be
disc...
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EXPANSION OF THE TEN WORDS OF THE COVENANT (EXODUS 20:22 TO EXODUS
23:33).
In this section, which is composed of elements put together mainly in
chiastic form (see later), Yahweh expands on the Ten W...
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CONTENTS: Laws concerning servants. Injuries to the person.
CHARACTERS: God, Moses.
CONCLUSION: The great God of heaven stoops to take interest in the
detail affairs between man and man and makes re...
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Exodus 21:1. _These are the judgments._ In this chapter we enter upon
the fifty seven precepts of the civil law of the Hebrew nation. They
are the laws of patriarchal society; and are here arranged an...
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_If a man sell his daughter to be a maidservant._
DEGRADED CONDITION OF GIRLS IN AFRICA
The condition of girls in Africa is thus described by a missionary:
“A father looks upon his girl as being of t...
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 21:1 This section contains basic guidelines
for living together as a just society and as a people set apart to the
Lord. The specific laws are not intended to be exhaustive but a...
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 21:2 WHEN YOU BUY A HEBREW SLAVE. Despite the
use of “buy,” it should be clear that slaves were considered human
beings rather than mere possessions, since there is no mention of...
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EXODUS—NOTE ON EXODUS 21:7 If a poor family could not afford a
normal wedding, the father might “sell” his daughter to a rich man
as his “slave,” that is, as a secondary wife like Zilpah and
Bilhah (G...
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CRITICAL NOTES.—
Exodus 21:7. Not as the men-servants] From Deuteronomy 15:17,
‘Kalisch infers that in this place foreign female servants are
intended, whereas in that place Hebrew domestics are mean...
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EXPOSITION
THE BOOK OF THE COVENANT.—_Continued_.
I. _Laws connected with the rights of persons_ (Exodus 21:1). The
regulations of this section concern—
1. Slavery ...
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Exodus chapter twenty-one, God said to Moses,
Now these are the judgments which thou shalt set before them (Exodus
21:1).
Now the judgments are really for the judges. You remember they
appointed seve...
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please not. Heb. be evil in the eyes of. Genesis 28:8 Judges 14:3 1
Samuel 8:6 1 Samuel 18:8 who hath...
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Who hath betrothed her to himself — For a concubine, or secondary
Wife. Not that Masters always took Maid — servants on these terms....