1 Rois 13:1-34
1 Voici, un homme de Dieu arriva de Juda à Béthel, par la parole de l'Éternel, pendant que Jéroboam se tenait à l'autel pour brûler des parfums.
2 Il cria contre l'autel, par la parole de l'Éternel, et il dit: Autel! autel! ainsi parle l'Éternel: Voici, il naîtra un fils à la maison de David; son nom sera Josias; il immolera sur toi les prêtres des hauts lieux qui brûlent sur toi des parfums, et l'on brûlera sur toi des ossements d'hommes!
3 Et le même jour il donna un signe, en disant: C'est ici le signe que l'Éternel a parlé: Voici, l'autel se fendra, et la cendre qui est dessus sera répandue.
4 Lorsque le roi entendit la parole que l'homme de Dieu avait criée contre l'autel de Béthel, il avança la main de dessus l'autel, en disant: Saisissez le! Et la main que Jéroboam avait étendue contre lui devint sèche, et il ne put la ramener à soi.
5 L'autel se fendit, et la cendre qui était dessus fut répandue, selon le signe qu'avait donné l'homme de Dieu, par la parole de l'Éternel.
6 Alors le roi prit la parole, et dit à l'homme de Dieu: Implore l'Éternel, ton Dieu, et prie pour moi, afin que je puisse retirer ma main. L'homme de Dieu implora l'Éternel, et le roi put retirer sa main, qui fut comme auparavant.
7 Le roi dit à l'homme de Dieu: Entre avec moi dans la maison, tu prendras quelque nourriture, et je te donnerai un présent.
8 L'homme de Dieu dit au roi: Quand tu me donnerais la moitié de ta maison, je n'entrerais pas avec toi. Je ne mangerai point de pain, et je ne boirai point d'eau dans ce lieu-ci;
9 car cet ordre m'a été donné, par la parole de l'Éternel: Tu ne mangeras point de pain et tu ne boiras point d'eau, et tu ne prendras pas à ton retour le chemin par lequel tu seras allé.
10 Et il s'en alla par un autre chemin, il ne prit pas à son retour le chemin par lequel il était venu à Béthel.
11 Or il y avait un vieux prophète qui demeurait à Béthel. Ses fils vinrent lui raconter toutes les choses que l'homme de Dieu avait faites à Béthel ce jour-là, et les paroles qu'il avait dites au roi. Lorsqu'ils en eurent fait le récit à leur père,
12 il leur dit: Par quel chemin s'en est-il allé? Ses fils avaient vu par quel chemin s'en était allé l'homme de Dieu qui était venu de Juda.
13 Et il dit à ses fils: Sellez-moi l'âne. Ils lui sellèrent l'âne, et il monta dessus.
14 Il alla après l'homme de Dieu, et il le trouva assis sous un térébinthe. Il lui dit: Es-tu l'homme de Dieu qui est venu de Juda? Il répondit: Je le suis.
15 Alors il lui dit: Viens avec moi à la maison, et tu prendras quelque nourriture.
16 Mais il répondit: Je ne puis ni retourner avec toi, ni entrer chez toi. Je ne mangerai point de pain, je ne boirai point d'eau avec toi en ce lieu-ci;
17 car il m'a été dit, par la parole de l'Éternel: Tu n'y mangeras point de pain et tu n'y boiras point d'eau, et tu ne prendras pas à ton retour le chemin par lequel tu seras allé.
18 Et il lui dit: Moi aussi, je suis prophète comme toi; et un ange m'a parlé de la part de l'Éternel, et m'a dit: Ramène-le avec toi dans ta maison, et qu'il mange du pain et boive de l'eau. Il lui mentait.
19 L'homme de Dieu retourna avec lui, et il mangea du pain et but de l'eau dans sa maison.
20 Comme ils étaient assis à table, la parole de l'Éternel fut adressée au prophète qui l'avait ramené.
21 Et il cria à l'homme de Dieu qui était venu de Juda: Ainsi parle l'Éternel: Parce que tu as été rebelle à l'ordre de l'Éternel, et que tu n'as pas observé le commandement que l'Éternel, ton Dieu, t'avait donné;
22 parce que tu es retourné, et que tu as mangé du pain et bu de l'eau dans le lieu dont il t'avait dit: Tu n'y mangeras point de pain et tu n'y boiras point d'eau, -ton cadavre n'entrera pas dans le sépulcre de tes pères.
23 Et quand le prophète qu'il avait ramené eut mangé du pain et qu'il eut bu de l'eau, il sella l'âne pour lui.
24 L'homme de Dieu s'en alla: et il fut rencontré dans le chemin par un lion qui le tua. Son cadavre était étendu dans le chemin; l'âne resta près de lui, et le lion se tint à côté du cadavre.
25 Et voici, des gens qui passaient virent le cadavre étendu dans le chemin et le lion se tenant à côté du cadavre; et ils en parlèrent à leur arrivée dans la ville où demeurait le vieux prophète.
26 Lorsque le prophète qui avait ramené du chemin l'homme de Dieu l'eut appris, il dit: C'est l'homme de Dieu qui a été rebelle à l'ordre de l'Éternel, et l'Éternel l'a livré au lion, qui l'a déchiré et l'a fait mourir, selon la parole que l'Éternel lui avait dite.
27 Puis, s'adressant à ses fils, il dit: Sellez-moi l'âne. Ils le sellèrent,
28 et il partit. Il trouva le cadavre étendu dans le chemin, et l'âne et le lion qui se tenaient à côté du cadavre. Le lion n'avait pas dévoré le cadavre et n'avait pas déchiré l'âne.
29 Le prophète releva le cadavre de l'homme de Dieu, le plaça sur l'âne, et le ramena; et le vieux prophète rentra dans la ville pour le pleurer et pour l'enterrer.
30 Il mit son cadavre dans le sépulcre, et l'on pleura sur lui, en disant: Hélas, mon frère!
31 Après l'avoir enterré, il dit à ses fils: Quand je serai mort, vous m'enterrerez dans le sépulcre où est enterré l'homme de Dieu, vous déposerez mes os à côté de ses os.
32 Car elle s'accomplira, la parole qu'il a criée, de la part de l'Éternel, contre l'autel de Béthel et contre toutes les maisons des hauts lieux qui sont dans les villes de Samarie.
33 Après cet événement, Jéroboam ne se détourna point de sa mauvaise voie. Il créa de nouveau des prêtres des hauts lieux pris parmi tout le peuple; quiconque en avait le désir, il le consacrait prêtre des hauts lieux.
34 Ce fut là une occasion de péché pour la maison de Jéroboam, et c'est pour cela qu'elle a été exterminée et détruite de dessus la face de la terre.
JEROBOAM AND THE MAN OF GOD
"Beloved, believe not every spirit, but try the spirits whether they are of God."
WE are told that Jeroboam, whose position probably made him restless and insecure, first built or fortified Shechem, and then went across the Jordan and established another palace and stronghold at Penuel. After this he shifted his residence once more to the beautiful town of Tirzah, where he built for himself the palace which Zimri afterwards burnt over his own head. Although the prophet Shemaiah forbade Rehoboam's attempt to crush him in a great war, Jeroboam remained at war with him and Abijah all his life, till his reign of two-and-twenty troubled years ended apparently by a sudden death-for the chronicler says that "the Lord struck him, and he died."
Nearly all that we know of Jeroboam apart from these incidental notices is made up of two stories, both of which are believed by critics to date from a long subsequent age, but which the compiler of the Book of Kings introduced into his narrative from their intrinsic force and religious instructiveness.
The first of these stories tells us of the only spontaneous prophetic protest against his proceedings of which we read. So ancient is this curious narrative that tradition had entirely forgotten the names of the two prophets concerned in it. It probably assumed shape from the dim local reminiscences evoked in the days of Josiah's reformation, when the grave of a forgotten prophet of Judah was discovered among the tombs at Bethel, three hundred and twenty years after the events described.
A nameless man of God-Josephus calls him Jadon, and some have identified him with Iddo-came out of Judah to atone for the silence of Israel, and to protest in God's name against the new worship. His protest, however, is against "the altar." He does not say a word about the golden calves. Jeroboam, perhaps, at his dedication festival of the king's shrine at Bethel, was standing on the altar-slope, as Solomon had done in the Temple, to burn incense. Suddenly the man of God appeared, and threatened to the altar the destruction and desecration which subsequently fell upon it. We cannot be sure that some of the details are not later additions supplied from subsequent events. Josephus rationalizes the story very absurdly in the style of Paulus. The sign of the destruction or rending of the altar, and the outpouring of the ashes, may have been first fulfilled in that memorable earthquake which became a date in Israel. The desecration which it received at the hands of Josiah reminded men of the threat of the unknown messenger. Then we are told that Jeroboam raised his hand in anger, with the order to secure the bold offender, but that his arm at once "dried up," and was only restored by the man of at the king's entreaty. The king invites the prophet to go home and refresh himself and receive a reward; but he replies that not half Jeroboam's house could tempt him to break the command which he had received to eat no bread neither drink water at Bethel. An old Israelite prophet was living at Bethel, and his son told him what had occurred. Struck with admiration by the faithfulness of the southern man of God, he rode after him to bring him to his house. He found him seated under "the terebinth"-evidently some aged and famous tree. When he refused the renewed invitation, the old man lyingly said to him that he too was a man of God, and had been bidden by an angel to bring him back. Deceived, perhaps too easily deceived, the man of God from Judah went back. It would have been well for him if he had believed that even "an angel of God," or what may seem to wear such a semblance, may preach a false message, and may deserve nothing but an anathema. Galates 1:8 With terrible swiftness the delusion was dispelled. While he was eating in Bethel, the old prophet, overcome by an impulse of inspiration, told him that for his disobedience he should perish and lie in a strange grave. Accordingly he had not gone far from Bethel when a lion met and killed him, not, however, mangling or devouring him, but standing still with the ass beside the carcass. On hearing this the old prophet of Bethel went and brought back the corpse. He mourned over his victim with the cry, "Alas, my brother," Comp. Jérémie 22:18 and bade his sons that when he died they should bury him in the same sepulcher with the man of God, for all that he had prophesied should come to pass.
Josephus adds many idle touches to this story. If in a tale which assumed its present form so long after the events imaginative details were introduced, the incident of the lion subserves the moral aim of the narrative. 2 Rois 17:25; Jérémie 25:30; Jérémie 49:19 #/RAPC Wis 11:15-17, etc. The significance of the story for us is happily neither historic nor evidential, but it is profoundly moral. It is the lesson not to linger in the neighborhood of temptation, nor to be dilatory in the completion of duty. It is the lesson to be ever on our guard against the tendency to assume inspired sanction for the conduct and opinions which coincide with our own secret wishes. Satan finds it easy to secure our credence when he answers us according to our idols, and can quote Scripture for our purpose as well as his own; and God sometimes punishes men by granting them their own desires, and sending leanness withal into their bones. The man of God from Judah had received a distinct injunction from which the invitation of a king had been insufficient to shake him. If the old prophet willfully lied, his victim was willingly seduced. We may think his sin venial, his punishment excessive. It will not seem so unless we unduly extenuate his sin and unduly exaggerate the nature of his penalty.
His sin consisted in his ready acceptance of a sham inspiration which came to him from a tainted source, and which he ought to have suspected because it conceded what he desired. God's indisputable intimations to our individual souls are not to be set aside except by intimations no less indisputable. There had been an obvious reason for the command which God had given. The reason still existed; the prohibition had not been withdrawn. The sham revelation furnished him with an excuse; it did not give him a justification. Doubtless Jadon's first thought was that
"He lied in every word,
That hoary prophet, with malicious eye
Askance to watch the working of his lie."
Why did he yield so readily? It was for the same reason which causes so many to sin. "The tempting opportunity" did but meet, as sooner or later it always will meet, "the susceptible disposition."
Yet his punishment does not justify us in branding him as a weak or a vicious man. We must judge him and all men, at his best, not at his worst; in his hours of faithfulness and splendid courage, not in his moment of unworthy acquiescence.
And his speedy punishment was his best blessing. Who knows what might not have happened to him if the speck of conventionality and corruption had been allowed to spread? Who can tell whether in due time he might not have sunk into something no better than his miserable tempter? Rather than that we should be in any respect false to our loftiest ideals, or less noble than our better selves, let the lion meet us, let the tower of Siloam fall on us, let our blood be mingled with our sacrifices. Better physical death than spiritual degeneracy.